surorus

quote:Originally posted by circassian: Are there any Mosque's in Armenia today ? how does a muslim person in armenia live ? Yes there are Mosque's in Armenian and muslims primerely Kurds. However, I know one thing for sure, that muslims much less presecuted in chritian countties than christians are in muslim countries.

quote:Originally posted by naira: Hi Surous! I'm Linda. I know what do you want. Say I love you, Linda! Say I love you, Linda Say I love you, Linda! Say I love you, Linda!.......(accidental looping) Something familiar, isn't? Hope you have as much fun as I do. Actually no, I am not familiar. Are those the leterature where you read all the myths? It is just regretfull, that vulgar topics are discused at Hye Forum. Atractions of White, Black, Yellow, Brown men? How can there be a uniform defenition of atractions, when peole have different tastes and preferences? Who defines what is atractive what is not?

quote:If I catch you correctly, the opposite myth is supposed to say 'SMALL DICK myth'. HI Naira I would like to ask you if you can tell us about "Armenian Dick myths or stories"?

THE CRUSADES The Crusades took place during the period 1096-1291, and military expeditions were undertaken to recover the Holy Land from the Muslims. During the two-century period eight main Crusades ventured into the Middle East to fight of the yoke that the Seljuk Turks harnessed on Christians who attempted to visit the birthplace of Christianity. The Seljuk Turks, who occupied the region in the eleventh century, imposed all kinds of restrictions and persecutions on the Christians who lived in the area. In 1095 the Byzantine emperor, Alexius Comnenus, appealed to Pope Urban II for assistance against the Turks. The Pope preached for a holy war, or a crusade, and Europe responded with several different armies. Armenia acknowledged the Crusaders with full support. Cilician Armenia, or Lesser Armenia as some historians referenced the region, had formed principalities in Cilicia after Armenia proper had fallen to the wrath of the Seljuk onslaughts. From 1080 Armenian Princes from the Rupenian, Oskinian, and other families established small enclaves within the protective mountain ranges that surrounded Cilicia on three sides and the Mediterranean Sea to the South. In time the area became a stronghold of Armenians led by the Bagratid Armenian Prince Ruben. When the first Crusaders arrived in Cilicia, they were graciously and pleasantly surprised by the strong Christian principality. The Armenians were generous supporters of the Crusaders and did whatever they could to help the ¡§soldiers of Christ¡¨ free the Holy Land. The First Crusade (1096-1099) - The first Crusade made up of several European armies captured Nicaea (1097), Antioch (1098), and Jerusalem (1099). The Crusades established three principalities, Antioch, Edessa, and Tripoli and the Kingdom of Jerusalum. Armenians provided significant provisions and military equipment to the first Crusade, especially in the siege of Antioch. The Second Crusade (1147-1149) - The second Crusade formed due to the persistent attack by the Muslims and the recapture of Edessa (1144). However, instead of attacking the Muslim power (the state of the Emir Nur al-Din) that was most threatening to the Crusader states, the Crusaders attacked the small Muslim city-state of Damascus. a state which had previously allied with the kingdom of Jerusalem against Nur al-Din¡¦s father. This Crusade led by the kings of France and Germany failed to regain lost territories. The Armenians and Crusaders continued to assist each other in their battles against the infidels. The Third Crusade (1189-1192) - After the fall of Jerusalem in 1187, led by Saladin, the sultan of Egypt (Saladin was a Kurd by birth), another cry arose to save the Holy Land. During this Crusade Levon II and King Richard invaded and conquered Cyprus, which had broken away from the Byzantine Empire under a renegade relative of the former ruling house. Fredrick I, Emperor of the Roman Empire, planned to thank Levon II for Armenia¡¦s assistance during the Crusade, and present Levon II with a crown. Unfortunately, Frederick had a fatal drowning accident, and Levon never did receive the crown. However, nine years later (1199), Baron Levon II became Levon I, King of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia. The Armenian Catholicos as well as the Papal Legate consecrated his coronation. Many alliances formed between the Armenians and the Crusades, resulting in Armenia becoming a vigorous Christian state where industry, trade and commerce thrived. An interesting sidelight to the third Crusade was the marriage of Richard the Lion Hearted in 1911. Levon II who was not yet King of Cilician Armenia was Richard¡¦s ¡§Best Man.¡¨ The Fourth Crusade (1202-1204) - The fourth crusade did very little except to sack and plunder Constantinople in 1204 much to the horror of the Pope. The ravaging was disgraceful. The Armenians had no part in the sack and plunder. Initially, the Byzantines were happy to see the Armenians in Cilicia, because they were a buffer between them and the Seljuk Turks. Later they thought the Armenians were becoming too powerful. The Fifth Crusade (1215-1219) - The fifth Crusade¡¦s goal was to capture Egypt, but the drive was unsuccessful. The pathetic failure of the Children¡¦s Crusade in 1212 ignited the religious fervor of the fifth Crusade. The Sixth Crusade (1228-1229) - Led by the excommunicated Roman Emperor Frederick II, the ¡§Christians¡¨ on the sixth Crusade were allowed by the Sultan to repossess Jerusalem in 1229, although they had to agree not to refortify it. During this time it was becoming clear that the great age of the Crusades was over. The Christians were able to maintain Jerusalem only until 1244 when Muslim soldiers fleeing the Mongols again regained the holy City. While the Crusades were being unsuccessful, the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia under Hetum I gained international status and was trading to major ports in the Mediterranean and to countries in the East. The Seventh Crusade (1248-1254) - By the seventh Crusade many of the Crusaders had forgotten the purpose of their long journey. Rivalry for power and possessions soon caused problems among the Christians including the Armenians. Relationships were going sour and the Muslims were regaining more lands. The Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia under Hetum I had managed to make some alliances with the Mongols during this period. Together with the Crusaders and Mongols who at first were open to Christianity, the Armenians were able to defeat the Seljuks in several battles. The Eighth Crusade (1270) - The eight Crusade to Tunisia rather than to the Middle East, was the last major Crusades, and also was unsuccessful. Throughout the entire period of the Crusades, lesser Armenia was literally in the middle of successes and failures of the Latins. Inevitably the influence of the Europeans intermingled with the culture of the Armenians. Intermarriages of the Armenian Princesses with the Frankish nobility were extremely common. The Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia had become very much a part of Europe. By 1291 the Muslims had regained all the territories of the Middle East except kingdoms of Cilicia and Cyprus. Lesser Armenia was able to maintain its boundaries until the Mamluks conquered the fortress of Sis in 1375. After the fall of Sis the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia was no more. Levon V, the last King of Armenia, was captured and taken prisoner to Egypt. He retired to Paris after a sizable ransom was paid for his release. Only the Catholicate of Cilicia, which at the time was led by the Catholicos of all Armenians (the Seat of the Armenian Apostolic church had transferred to Hromkla, Cilicia in 1147), was able to maintain some semblance of Armenian government. In 1441 the Holy See of all Armenians transferred back to Etchmiadzin. The Catholicate of the Great House of Cilicia remained in Cilicia until 1921 when it officially moved to Lebanon. From 1921 to 1929 Catholicos Sahag II traveled throughout the Middle East, as he had no permanent home. Sourse:Armenian Heritage [ February 26, 2001: Message edited by: surorus ]

Lisa, It is not my idea, lol. The site is up and running I just came accross with it, and thought it would be interesting to know what people think about it. BTW: IF you go to theis site, you can take a survey and give them a feedback.

quote:Originally posted by MosJan: The document also determines the right of Azeri and Armenian refugees to return freely to the towns of Shushi and Shahumian. --0-- Mos, I am from Shahumian. Recently Azeries shot a tape of city of Shahumian and sold it to Shahumiantsis in Moscow. My relatives have sent a copy to me. Not a single house in the city is standing. Everything is completely destroyed, so that there is nothing left for Armenians to want to return. One day I wish to go to Shahumian only to see the house site where I grew up, and visit the site of cemetery where my grandfather is buried.

quote:Originally posted by bellthecat: They are there because they can enter Turkey easily, Turkey is a rich and economically developed country, travel is easy, and Turkish currency is easily exchanged for dollars. Bellthecat, Did you read the latest news on Turkeys econotmy? Follow the link: Turkish markets rock

ANKARA, Feb. 21 ¡X Prime Minister Bulent Ecevit held emergency talks into the night on Wednesday in a bid to halt a crisis that ripped through Turkey's financial markets after his bitter public feud with the country's president The International Monetary Fund (IMF) in Washington said it was in continuous talks with Turkish authorities and was waiting to hear from Ankara about what it proposed to do. Ratings agencies said they were following the crisis with deep concern. Ecevit met economic officials including Central Bank Governor Gazi Ercel, one of the architects of an IMF-backed financial reform programme now in deep danger, for six hours before taking a short break without making comment. Speculation grew of a possible devaluation of the country's currency. The government was under heavy pressure for decisive action on a crisis that many see as self-inflicted. The Istanbul Stock Exchange recorded its biggest single day percentage loss, over 18 percent on Wednesday. Overnight lending rates, around 40 percent last week, hit an average of 4,000 percent in a squeeze more intense than that which forced Turkey to seek $7.5 billion in IMF aid in December. Ecevit, seeking to calm markets, said earlier in the day his government would continue to function despite Monday's clash with President Ahmet Necdet Sezer over issues of power sharing and corruption at a meeting of political and military chiefs. ''It's clear, the (president and I) have serious political differences,'' Ecevit told an emotionally charged meeting of his parliamentary group. ''We are still obliged to work together. LIRA DEVALUATION MOOTED His junior coalition party, Motherland, dismissed speculation the veteran premier might resign. ''There's no power vacuum, there won't be early elections,'' deputy Beyhan Aslan quoted Motherland leader and deputy premier Mesut Yilmaz as telling a closed party meeting. ''Turkey must continue on its path as though this event never happened.'' Businessmen and analysts speculated that Turkey might decide to devalue the lira, abandoning a controlled mechanism that is central to the country's IMF-backed financial reform programme. Some, however, felt that if devaluation were chosen as a solution, it might more likely take the form of a float. ''Letting lira float freely might be better than a one-off devaluation,'' one banker said. ''In this case, the market determines the value of lira itself and Turkey can reach an equilibrium of foreign exchange and interest rates soon.'' He said the lira might weaken sharply if Turkey lets its currency float freely as a first reaction. ''But the market will reach a balance soon and the lira may even recover part of early losses.'' On Monday Ecevit stormed out of a meeting of the National Security Council (MGK) -- a body that embraces political and powerful military leaders -- accusing President Ahmet Necdet Sezer of insulting him and declaring a ''serious crisis.'' The clash, in which Sezer apparently questioned the efficacy of government anti-corruption operations, was the culmination of months of tension between the two men. Sezer has drawn Ecevit's anger several times by overriding his decrees and vetoing laws. The MGK meeting, suddenly abandoned, will resume on Monday. ''I'm not sure what the atmosphere will be,'' Ecevit said. Turkey's problems have erupted less than three months after a financial crisis that brought its reform programme to the brink of collapse. Since then, the country had appeared to be making progress on its three-year programme. POLITICS THWARTS ECONOMICS Inflation, which had soared towards 100 percent in the 1990s, was coming down, if not as quickly as hoped. Fiscal balances have improved, the primary surplus has increased and the lira has been stable in line with targets. Ultimately political leadership appears to be lacking. The spur to the crisis was Sezer's criticism, before army generals and civil servants, of Ecevit's anti-corruption drive. Corruption in government and commerce is a barrier both to economic reform and European Union entry. The energy ministry, run by Ecevit's conservative coalition allies, has been the focus of one notable probe. Top-level officials have been charged but the minister resists calls for his resignation. Some fear that by hacking at the walls too vigorously, the whole edifice of Turkish government could be endangered. The military, widely seen as the ultimate guardian of civil order here, has made no public comment but must be wary. Banking operations, an Achilles heel of the Turkish economy, looked vulnerable. Turkey extended the trading hours of key money markets on Wednesday to allow banks time to settle their accounts with each other, a symptom of the growing problems. ''These latest developments have even put banks with no problems in difficulty,'' said analyst Alper Ozge of GFC. Sourse:[/url]MSNBC [ February 21, 2001: Message edited by: surorus ]

quote:Originally posted by LISA: I am thinking that this is an alternative to p0rn. Lisa, Imagine this situation: Wife calls husband from kitchen, "Honey what are you doing?" And, husband replises, "I am watching news sweet heart."

I was watching the Extra on the TV lately and they showed a report about a new dot com news broadcast that literally has nothing to hide. The program features news, weather, sports, business, etc, just like any other news on the TV, but with one difference. The female reporters of the program tend get "hot" during report and start taking their clothes off. The name of this program is nakednews. I just would like to know what you people think about this new idea? I am not going to put a link to their site, you can figure it out.

quote:Originally posted by aurguplu: i got a b.a. & m.a. in oriental studies from pembroke college, oxford (not cambridge, surorus, please), where the focus of my study was turkish and arabic languages & literatures, early islamic history, ottoman history, and uzbek. Dear Aurguplu, I went over the web site of Pembroke College of Oxford, and it also has two degrees as a part of Oriental Studies that are MPhil in Eastern Christian Studies (Armenian or Syriac with Greek)and MPhil in Byzantine Studies (Armenian, Syriac, Arabic). Oriental Studies Have you taken any courses of either of those two studies? If yes, we would like to hear what you have learned about Armenians and their role in the region.

aurguplu, The second Pembroke College atPembrokehas a very lame web site. It does not provide the list of gradutates.

quote:Originally posted by levonyeshilian: The mothers,wives,daughters are disgusted but who asks them! Levon, I understand what you are saying. However, in Turkey must be a great demand for prostution in order for Russian and Eeast Europian prostitutes to pour in into the country.

Levon, It seems to me that prostitution is wide spread in Turkey. How do regular Turkish population react to it? Is it something casual to them? Or are they disgusted? Where is a demand there is a supply, how do Turkish mothers, wifes, and daughters react to prostitution?

quote:Originally posted by aurguplu: i am not an alumnus in that i am a celebrity whose contribution to humanity has been recognised by the college, and therefore i am not a bit surprised that i don't figure in that list. by the way, i don't recall having pretended i was one. Aurguplu, Alumni is a graduate or former student of a shcool, college, or university. You should be either in registered or missing list of Alumni. You should contact the Pembroke College at:Pembroke College contact Alumni list:Pembroke Alumni List [ February 20, 2001: Message edited by: surorus ]

quote:Originally posted by aurguplu: I hold an M.A. in Oriental Studies from Pembroke College, Oxford (England). Aurguplu, Just out of curiosity I have visited the web site of Pembroke College, and went of the alumni list. However, I could not find your name neither in registered nor in missing alumni list. web page