RADIO FREE EUROPE/ RADIO LIBERTY http://www.rferl.org/ http://www.rferl.org/bd/ar/reports/today.html Leaked Document Sheds Light On Artsax 'Common State' Deal Amid a new flurry of diplomatic activity over the long-awaited resolution of the Nagorno-Artsax conflict, details are emerging of the most recent international peace proposals that called for the creation of a "common state" between the Armenian-populated disputed region and Azerbaijan. Several media outlets in Yerevan, including the RFE/RL Armenian Service, have obtained copies of what appears to be the Armenian translation of the plan, put forward in November 1998 by the American, French and Russian co-chairs of the OSCE Minsk Group. The plan, largely approved by the Armenian side, was rejected at the time by Azerbaijan on the grounds that it did not uphold Azerbaijani sovereignty over Artsax. Provisions contained in the document confirm the widely- held belief that the mediators pushed for a peace deal that would give the enclave de-facto independence by placing it under a loose confederation with Azerbaijan. Artsax would enjoy the internationally recognized status of a republic with its own constitution, armed forces and a power to veto any legislation passed by the authorities in Baku. Armenian and Artsax officials familiar with the peace process have confirmed the authenticity of the document, fueling speculation that it has been deliberately leaked ahead of another meeting between Presidents Robert Kocharian and Heydar Aliev. That the leak was not accidental became clear on Wednesday when the Azerbaijani Foreign Ministry officially disclosed the content of all three peace plans drafted by the Minsk Group since 1997. ITAR-TASS news agency said the extraordinary move came ahead of Friday's session of Azerbaijan's parliament which will discuss the Artsax issue. The disclosure of what until recently was considered confidential information may thus be part of a concerted effort to test domestic public opinion before an impending peace deal. Kocharian's spokesman Vahe Gabrielian, however, denied any link between the document's simultaneous circulation in Yerevan and Baku, telling RFE/RL that the two governments struck no secret deals on that score. Kocharian and Aliev are due to travel to Paris early next month for their fifteenth face-to-face meeting in two years. The talks, to be again sponsored by French President Jacques Chirac, will proceed amid renewed hopes for a decisive breakthrough in the peace process. Chirac discussed the issue by telephone with his Russian counterpart, Vladimir Putin on Monday. The "New York Times" reported on Tuesday the French leader was "guardedly optimistic about a possible settlement" in a lengthy phone conversation with President George W. Bush on February 1. The paper said relief agencies are already putting together a "multibillion-dollar aid package" that would be part of the future peace treaty. Foreign Minister Vartan Oskanian said last week that Chirac has suggested general "principles" for solving the conflict and that agreement on them will place a solution within reach. The Armenians have said repeatedly that they will not agree to make any major concessions besides those envisaged by the common state plan. Key provisions of the document in question could therefore shed light on what the most likely peace settlement will look like. A senior Armenian diplomatic source said the five-page document, titled "Principles of the Comprehensive Settlement of the Armed Conflict in Nagorno-Artsax," is identical with what the Minsk Group co-chairs suggested more than two years ago. Speaking to RFE/RL on the condition of anonymity, one Artsax government official likewise confirmed that it is authentic, while noting a "somewhat inaccurate" translation from English. The official made it clear that Stepanakert had accepted the plan only as a basis for further discussions. Article 1 of the would-be peace deal stipulates that Artsax and Azerbaijan shall form a "common state" to be governed by a "joint commission" comprising representatives of the two entities, both of which would bring their constitutions into conformity with the peace agreement. Neither of them could change constitutional provisions regarding the common state unilaterally. The Nagorno-Artsax Republic (NKR) would form its executive, legislative and judicial branches as well as a "national guard" and police units. "The Azerbaijani army, security and police forces shall not be allowed to enter the territory of Nagorno-Artsax without the consent of the Nagorno-Artsax authorities," the document reads. Furthermore, "Azerbaijani laws, regulations and executive directives have a legal force in Nagorno-Artsax so long as they do not contradict the latter's Constitution and laws." Artsax residents would travel abroad with specially marked Azerbaijani passports. Only the government in Stepanakert would be empowered to grant such passports and residency permits. And Armenian would be the NKR's "main official language." Artsax Armenians would be able to establish "direct relations" with foreign states in "economic, trade, scientific, cultural, sports and humanitarian fields." This also involves the right to have diplomatic missions abroad, which would nonetheless have to be affiliated with Azerbaijani embassies. The package of proposals includes a separate agreement on military disengagement. Armenian and Azerbaijani forces would retreat from their current positions north and east of Artsax to create a "buffer zone" controlled by a multi-national peacekeeping force acting under the OSCE aegis. Artsax Armenian forces would then gradually withdraw from six occupied districts in Azerbaijan proper. The strategic Lachin district, which provides for the shortest overland link between Artsax and Armenia, would remain under their control pending further agreement on its future. All heavy weapons would be moved to specially selected locations. Also according to the document, Armenia and Azerbaijan would open their borders for the movement of people and cargoes through each other's territory parallel to the troop withdrawal. The border between the two neighboring states has been closed since the start of fighting in 1991. The Minsk Group plan calls for the formation of an Armenian-Azerbaijani "inter-governmental commission" tasked with normalizing bilateral relations. Overall responsibility for peace implementation would rest with a "permanent mixed commission" headed by a representative of the OSCE chairman-in-office. More important, Russia, the US and France would act as guarantors of the proposed settlement, while the OSCE or the UN Security Council would have a mandate to take military action to ensure the parties' compliance with their obligations. Emil Danielyan [ February 21, 2001: Message edited by: Ararat ]