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Compensatory Narcissistic Personality Disorder

 

PTypes personality types proposes Compensatory Narcissistic Personality Disorder as a pervasive pattern of unstable, "overtly narcissistic behaviors [that] derive from an underlying sense of insecurity and weakness rather than from genuine feelings of self-confidence and high self-esteem" (Millon), beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts, as indicated by ten (or more) of the following:

 

· seeks to create an illusion of superiority and to build up an image of high self-worth (Millon);

· has disturbances in the capacity for empathy (Forman);

· strives for recognition and prestige to compensate for the lack of a feeling of self-worth;

· may acquire a deprecatory attitude in which the achievements of others are ridiculed and degraded (Millon);

· has persistent aspirations for glory and status (Millon);

· has a tendency to exaggerate and boast (Millon);

· is sensitive to how others react to him or her, watches and listens carefully for critical judgment, and feels slighted by disapproval (Millon);

· is prone to feel shamed and humiliated and especially hyper-anxious and vulnerable to the judgments of others (Millon);

· covers up a sense of inadequacy and deficiency with pseudo-arrogance and pseudo-grandiosity (Millon);

· has a tendency to periodic hypochondria (Forman);

· alternates between feelings of emptiness and deadness and states of excitement and excess energy (Forman);

· entertains fantasies of greatness, constantly striving for perfection, genius, or stardom (Forman);

· has a history of searching for an idealized partner and has an intense need for affirmation and confirmation in relationships (Forman);

· frequently entertains a wishful, exaggerated, and unrealistic concept of himself or herself which he or she can't possibly measure up to (Reich);

· produces (too quickly) work not up to the level of his or her abilities because of an overwhelmingly strong need for the immediate gratification of success (Reich);

· is touchy, quick to take offense at the slightest provocation, continually anticipating attack and danger, reacting with anger and fantasies of revenge when he or she feels frustrated in his or her need for constant admiration (Reich);

· is self-conscious, due to a dependence on approval from others (Reich);

· suffers regularly from repetitive oscillations of self-esteem (Reich);

· seeks to undo feelings of inadequacy by forcing everyones's attention and admiration upon himself or herself (Reich);

· may react with self-contempt and depression to the lack of fulfillment of his or her grandiose expectations (Riso).

 

 

Dimensions

 

Here is a hypothetical profile, in terms of the five-factor model of personality, for Compensatory Narcissistic Personality Disorder (speculatively constructed from McCrae, 1994, pg. 306):

 

High Neuroticism

 

Chronic negative affects, including anxiety, fearfulness, tension, irritability, anger, dejection, hopelessness, guilt, shame; difficulty in inhibiting impulses: for example, to eat, drink, or spend money; irrational beliefs: for example, unrealistic expectations, perfectionistic demands on self, unwarranted pessimism; unfounded somatic concerns; helplessness and dependence on others for emotional support and decision making.

 

High Extraversion

 

Excessive talking, leading to inappropriate self-disclosure and social friction; inability to spend time alone; attention seeking and overly dramatic expression of emotions; reckless excitement seeking; inappropriate attempts to dominate and control others.

 

High Openness

 

Preoccupation with fantasy and daydreaming; lack of practicality; eccentric thinking (e.g., belief in ghosts, reincarnation, UFOs); diffuse identity and changing goals: for example, joining religious cult; susceptibility to nightmares and states of altered consciousness; social rebelliousness and nonconformity that can interfere with social or vocational advancement.

 

Low Agreeableness

 

Cynicism and paranoid thinking; inability to trust even friends or family; quarrelsomeness; too ready to pick fights; exploitive and manipulative; lying; rude and inconsiderate manner alienates friends, limits social support; lack of respect for social conventions can lead to troubles with the law; inflated and grandiose sense of self; arrogance.

Low Conscientiousness

 

Underachievement: not fulfilling intellectual or artistic potential; poor academic performance relative to ability; disregard of rules and responsibilities can lead to trouble with the law; unable to discipline self (e.g., stick to diet, exercise plan) even when required for medical reasons; personal and occupational aimlessness.

 

Sources:

 

Forman, Max, (1976). Narcissistic disorders and the oedipal fixations. In Feldstein, J. J., (Ed.), The Annual of Psychoanalysis. Vol. IV. pp. 65-92, New York: International Universities.

McCrae, Robert R. (1994). "A Reformulation of Axis II: Personality and Personality-Related Problems." Costa, Paul T., Jr., Widiger, Thomas A., editors. Personality Disorders and the Five-Factor Model of Personality. Washington, D.C.: The American Psychological Association.

Millon, Theodore, and Roger D. Davis. Disorders of Personality: DSM-IV and Beyond. 2nd ed. New York: Wiley, 1996. pp. 411-12.

Reich, Annie, (1986). Pathological forms of self-esteem regulation. In Morrison, A. P., (Ed.), Essential Papers on Narcissism. pp. 44-60. Reprint from (1960) Psychoanalytic Study of the Child. Vol. 15, pp. 205-32.

Riso, Don Richard. Personality Types: Using the Enneagram for Self-discovery. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1987. pp. 102-3.

 

 

The Sociobiology of Compensatory Narcissistic Personality Disorder

 

Sociobiology promises to provide more parsimonious explanations for various clinical phenomena, including personality disorders, than other models of human behavior (Cf. Antisocial personality).

Compensatory narcissism is a complex adaptive system designed to compel constant striving for higher social rank based on achievements of the intellect and imagination. It is adaptive because higher social rank brings greater access to resources and mating opportunities, greater survival and reproductive success.

 

Compensatory Narcissistic and Narcissistic Personality Disorders differentiated

 

In a chapter of Disorders of Narcissism:

 

Diagnostic, Clinical, and Empirical Implications, "DSM Narcissistic Personality Disorder: historical reflections and future directions," Theodore Millon differentiates Compensatory Narcissistic from Narcissistic

 

Personality Disorder:

 

The compensatory narcissistic person deviates in a fundamental way from other narcissistic subtypes, as well as from the proto-typical narcissistic person. Overtly narcissistic behaviors originate from an underlying sense of insecurity and weakness rather than from genuine feelings of self-confidence and high self-esteem. Beneath surface pseudoconfidence, this narcissistic person is driven by forces similar to those experienced by people who overtly display characteristics more akin to the negativistic and avoidant personalities.

 

For more information visit http://www.geocities.com/ptypes/compensato...tory-narpd.html .

 

[ September 22, 2001: Message edited by: MJ ]

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khodja you need to bee nice!!!

Your insulting a HyeForum member who has been in this forum for over a year and has contributed much of his time to help each and every one of us, your offensive comments and insults to MJ are not welcomed in hear.

stop insulting and stop your offensive comments to MJ, if I see one more of this sort or of comments, you will loose your HyeForum membership for good.

 

 

MOvses

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MosJan -

 

I don't see that Khodja's comments warrent such a reprimand. He was just expressing his opinion - and perhaps a valid one from his perspective. He was not name calling or abusive or anything of that sort. I also understand your defense of MJ - and I agree - he is an incredible resource - knowledgeable and reasoned and tireless in his efforts. In general he is to be commended (and treasured here). However MJ is often harsh and quick to put others down (often rightly so)...this leads to resentment among folks I think - and he is certainly intellectually intimidating as well - so you must expect some backlash/resentment at times. You too need to lighten up a bit I think. Often through criticism we are provided an opppurtunity to learn and improve ourselves.

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Mosjan,

 

If you peruse my many dialogues with Martin (MJ) you will see that there are many instances where I have held his views in high regard. It is only when he has denigrated me that I have made comments which you deem insulting. Did you notice the first post in this thread which was directed at me? My comments to MJ pale to what he was implying. He has implied that I am Turkish many times. Given our Armenian history, statements such as that coming from a fellow Armenian are insulting.

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MJ,

 

You belong back in the pre-Gorbachev Soviet Union, where people who opposed the view of the oligarchs were labelled mentally ill and placed in hospitals. Now you come to America, become a conservative and wish to impose the same rigidity upon the people of America. You are a totalitarian to the core. I shall not go further your level and psycho-analyze your motives.

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MJ,

 

I read you post on personality disorders, which you have attributed to me. I have consulted with a number of counselors during my life, primarily at critical junctures, (e.g. taking a hiatus from school, dealing with workplace stress, trying to keep my marriage together, dealing with the early death of a father or the doctor-error induced death of a mother). Other than a mild neurosis, I have never been diagnosed with any of the disorders you mention. Much of what I have stated in these forums can be found by any researcher who wishes to delve beneath the surface of things. You appear to me to be a traditionalist who is comfortable with the accepted version of world events and adamant about the it's preservation.

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Moslem, bah!!!! I probably have a better working knowledge of the Armenian language than you do. Get out of your "group-think" mentality and make a difference for the future of the Armenian nation. Centuries of idiocy enforced by our political and ecclesiastical leaders is ENOUGH. GE PAVEH!!!
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The suckling at the breast of the Mother Church of Armenia has nurtured us for centuries, but has stunted our growth. Of all the clerics that could have been chosen to speak at yesterday's Prayer meeting at Yankee Stadium, our church leaders chose a monotone speaker. This incident is indicative of the myopia of our chuch leaders. A large percentage of

Armenians in the Diaspora barely admit to being Armenian. This is because those who control the churches and organizations in our community conduct many litmus tests to determine who is to be considered an honorable Armenian.

 

Armenians are great entrpreneurs but are ignorant of diplomatic methods. We do not know how to work together toward common goals. The unity found last year toward Genocide Recognition in the US Congress was unique. We profess morality in areas of social interaction, yet Armenia is rife with criminal activity. Per the article in the recent Roanoake, VA news critical homosexual medical professionals are railroaded out of Armenia but nothing is done to help young Armenian women stay out of a life of prostitution.

 

False morality, false pride will destoy us. The only thing we should seek is national success. We can begin by facing who we are without embracing our myths. Who we are genetically, where we truly came from ecclesiatically and what really goes on in our community.

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