Edward Keonjian

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Keonjian

 

 

Edward Keonjian (14 August 1909 – 6 September 1999[1]) was a prominent engineer, an early leader in the field of low-power electronics, the father of microelectronics.[2] In 1954 Keonjian designed the world's first solar-powered, pocket-sized radio transmitter. In 1959 Keonjian designed the first prototype of integrated circuit.[3] In 1963 he organized the world's first international symposium on low-power electronics. Later on Keonjian collaborated with NASA astronaut Neil Armstrong as chief of failure analysis on the Apollo 11 project.

Early life
Edward Keonjian was born in 1909 to an Armenian family in Tiflis, in the southern part of Russia, now known as the Georgian Republic. He obtained academic degrees in electrical engineering from Leningrad (now St. Petersburg) Institute of Electrical Engineering in 1932. When Leningrad was besieged in World War II, Edward was teaching at the Institute. Millions were perishing from cold and starvation. When he too collapsed from hunger, he was mistaken for dead and placed in a common grave. A woman passing by saw a hand sticking out of this grave. Noticing a slight movement, she realised someone was still alive and rescued him. To her astonishment it was an old friend.[citation needed]

Not long afterward, Edward was evacuated from Leningrad, only to be captured, along with his wife Virginia and young son Edward, Jr., by the Germans and sent to a slave labor camp. His duties at the camp included dismantling aircraft for spare parts. Liberated after World War II, he eventually emigrated to the United States of America with both his wife, (who died in 1969) and son. He arrived in 1947 penniless, knowing not one word of English, and with no friends or relatives. Nonetheless, he rose to become one of the outstanding scientists and inventors in microelectronics.

Personal life
He was an avid traveler and a member of the Explorers Club, the Circumnavigators Club, and the Archaeological Institute of America.

Edward was married to his first wife Virginia, and they had one child, Edward Keonjian, Jr. in 1937.

He moved to Green Valley in 1993 from Great Neck, New York with his third wife Maria.

In 1997 he chronicled his life story in his autobiography, Survived to Tell.[4]

Edward is survived by his son, Edward Jr., grandchild Camille Keonjian and his widow Maria.

Career in science
Keonjian was an early leader in the field of low-power electronics, and in 1954 designed the world's first solar-powered, pocket-sized radio transmitter. The transmitter now is on display at the Smithsonian National Museum of American History.[5] Keonjian has had more than 100 publications[6][7] and 27 U.S. and foreign patents. One of the books Keonjian edited and co-authored, Microelectronics: Theory, Design, and Fabrication, sold more than one million copies worldwide and has been translated into six languages since it was first published in 1963.

Keonjian began his work in microelectronics at General Electric in 1951. He later organised the first international symposium on low-power electronics in 1963. While employed by Grumman Aircraft, he supervised a staff of 165, and worked with Neil Armstrong as chief of failure analysis on the Apollo 11 project. He spent several years in India and Egypt working as an electronics specialist for the United Nations. He also spent 12 years as a U.S. member of NATO's research arm (AGARD) among many other distinguished career events.

He was a fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, won the Distinguished Colleague Award from the Aerospace Industries Association (AIA), and was a member of the New York Academy of Science. At the University of Arizona in Tucson, he has endowed the Edward Keonjian Visiting Professorship which permits some of the world's leading scientists in microelectronics to come to the university to work with the faculty and students. In 1998, he and his second wife established the Edward and Maria Keonjian Chair in Microelectronics at the university. In 2001, the University of Arizona placed a life size bronze cast, in Edward's honour, in the Electrical & Computer Engineering Building.[8]

Keonjian Distinguished Professorship in Microelectronics
To mark his centennial (as Edward Keonjian would have been 100 years old on 14 August 2009), the College of Engineering announced the establishment of the Edward and Maria Keonjian Distinguished Professorship in Microelectronics, the result of a million-dollar endowment by Keonjian and his wife Maria. The first holder of this distinguished professorship will be Wolfgang Fink, who joined the faculty of the University of Arizona in October 2009 coming from the California Institute of Technology and NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory.[9][10]

Bibliography

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truly amazing

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Edward Keonjian
American scientist-electrical engineer and inventor of Armenian origin Edward Keonjian is considered to be the first person who laid the foundations of modern portable electronics. He developed a solar-powered transit radio and an integral circuit (IS) prototype, actively participated in the Apollo 11 project to land a man on the moon and produced more than 100 articles, receiving 27 US and other patents in the field of transistor circuits and microelectronics.
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Eduard Keonjian was born in Tbilisi in 1909 to a family of doctors. His father Mkrtych was a refugee from Erzerum, and his mother Satenik came from a rich Tbilisi family Salinyan. Eduard studied at an Armenian school and from childhood was interested in how all kinds of devices work. In 1922, when the first radio station appeared in the city, Edward managed to master a detector receiver and capture the transmissions. That's how he defined his future profession.
While studying at the Tbilisi Institute of Electrical Engineering in 1932, he defended his PhD thesis and became one of the best specialists in the field. However, times were difficult and such figures like Edward Keongjian were persecuted and sent to jail.
Eduard Keongjian had a special character and persistence. In the post-war years (1947) ), he was lucky enough to get a visa and emigrate to the United States with his wife and son. At first, the Keonjiang family had a hard time. Not speaking English and carrying around $20, Edward worked as a sidekick at a car wash, later became a draftsman at Westinghouse.
When Keonjiang mastered some language and became better at English, he was offered a job as a research fellow at the University of Arizona. There he eventually became a professor and worked together with other research engineers on the development of the first transit stands. After a year of his work, he published a book called "Principles of Transistor Chains". After successfully submitted work, Keonjiang was accepted to General Elektrik. This period was a turning point in his career.
"He ended up in America without a single penny and, not knowing English, became one of the country's eminent scientists and inventors," said the US presidential candidate (1992). ), Henry Ross Perro.
In 1954, Keonjiang built the world’s first portable solar-powered radio transmitter, which decades later went on display at the Smithsonian Museum of American History, among other technological achievements. Eduard Keonjian showed the extreme importance of reducing the scattering capacity of microcircuits to achieve the highest reliability of equipment and in 1964, published another book, Micropower Electronics.
"In America, Keonjiang was considered to be one of the forefathers who created transistors. He developed a prototype of the integral circuit (IS), which was a real breakthrough in science and technology,” William Shockley said.
In 1965, he was awarded the prestigious IEEE Award, and a year later, Keongjiang presided over the Microelectronics Symposium in Munich. So his professional achievements brought him fame.
"Dr. Keonjiang was here when the transistor radio was born and continued his research on the use of microelectronics. "He focused on low-power technology, laying the foundations of today's portable electronics," said Intel founder Dr. Gordon E. Moore.
Eduard Keonjian was also the head of the electronic part failure analysis laboratory for the Apollo 11 project and worked together with astronaut Neil Armstrong on the project. For the first time in human history, this project landed a man on the moon (1969). ). By the way, in the same year Eduard Keonjian organized the first international conference on low-power electronics.
It is worth noting that in addition to his achievements in science, Keonjiang has written over 100 articles, receiving 27 US and other patents in transistor circuits and microelectronics. One of the books co-authored with his wife Maria Keonjian is called Microelectronics: Theory, Development and Production, which has been translated into six languages and sold a million copies. In 1999, on his birthday (90 years old), Edward was personally congratulated by the US President Bill Clinton over the phone. And after a month, the scientist disappeared. His works played a huge role in developing microelectronics worldwide and remain valuable in science.
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