MJ Posted October 20, 2001 Report Share Posted October 20, 2001 http://www.phys-astro.sonoma.edu/BruceMeda...mian/index.html Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
MJ Posted October 21, 2001 Author Report Share Posted October 21, 2001 VIKTOR AMBARTZUMIAN1908 - 1996The Armenian Astrophysicist Viktor Ambartzumian died the 12 August 1996, some weeks before the beginning of this Course, at the age of 88. He was born in Armenia the 18 september 1908. Viktor Ambartzumian was a pioneering of the Stellar Theoretical Astrophysics, working on the theory of Stellar Evolution and Interestellar Media. He also pioneered research in Relativistic Astrophysics, namely on superdense stellar configurations. He was the founder (in 1946) and the Director of the Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory, at the north of Erevan, Armenia. He was the President (from 1946 to 1993) of the Armenian Academy of Sciences. He was the creator and Chief Editor of the Journal "Astrofizika". Viktor Ambartzumian was a great and close friend of Daniel Chalonge. Daniel Chalonge visited on several occasions his armenian astrophysicist friends, and particularly Viktor Ambartzumian, and hosted several times Ambartzumian in Paris. The pictures and documents reproduced in the Erice Chalonge Museum show Daniel Chalonge and Viktor Ambartzumian, and their families, together in differents occasions: At Byurakan in 1946 for the inauguration of the Observatory. In Paris, at the Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris for the Colloquia organized by Daniel Chalonge, in particular the Colloquium in June 1953 on "Fundamental Problems of Stellar Classification". In Byurakan again, in 1971, at Ambartzumian's Home. Ambartzumian and Chalonge families were also closely linked by a deep friendship. I met personnally Viktor Ambartzumian and his wife, in Buenos Aires, in 1974, when I was young student and he came to I.A.F.E and the University of Buenos Aires (Ciencias Exactas, Departamento de Fisica) to deliver a special course on Stellar Evolution. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- N. Sánchez Director of the Course http://wwwusr.obspm.fr/admin/seminaire/cha...onge/dedic.html Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Zartonk Posted November 28, 2007 Report Share Posted November 28, 2007 http://www.phys-astro.sonoma.edu/BruceMedalists/Ambartsumian/ambartsumian.jpg Victor Ambartsumian (1908-1996) Victor Amazasp Ambartsumian was born in September 18, 1908, in Tbilisi. After the graduation of the Leningrad (Saint-Petersburg) University and post-graduate studentship in Pulkovo Observatory, he founded in the University the first department of astrophysics in the Soviet Union. In 1943 V.A.Ambartsumian was one of the founding members of the Armenian Academy of Sciences and its vice-president. Soon, in 1947, he became the president of the Academy, and since 1993 he was its honorary president. In 1946 the Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory of the Academy of Sciences of Armenia was founded. Since the first days till 1988 V.A.Ambartsumian was the director and scientific leader of the Byurakan Observatory. And since 1988 he was its honorary director. Thanks to Ambartsumian’s and his colleagues’ works it became one of the known observatories in the world. Ambartsumian’s works are distinguished in perfection and almost every time opened new directions in astrophysics. His works on physics of gaseous nebulae and radiation transfer theory are classic. They played important role in this field, in particular, in the theory of multiple light scattering. The invariance principle, formulated in these works for the first time, had a wide application in a number of other fields of the science. Ambartsumian’s investigations on the problem of stellar evolution brought in 1947 to revealing of stellar systems of new type - stellar associations. The existence of stellar associations in the Galaxy, dynamically non-stable and disintegrating systems, was the first observational evidence in favour of continuing at present star-formation in it. Ambartsumian put forward a hypothesis about the joint origin of the diffuse matter and stars of dense matter of unknown nature - protostars. Ambartsumian’s studies of early stages of evolution of stars and stellar systems are rather significant. It was shown, that in the early stages of the evolution, the instability of state reveals itself, being the regular phase of the cosmogonic processes. Among these results the conclusions about the existence of stellar systems of positive total energy in the Galaxy, non-thermal nature of ultraviolet stellar radiation of T Tauri type and flare stars, are to be mentioned. New principle results were achieved by V.A.Ambartsumian in study of evolution of galaxies. It was shown for the first time, that the central regions of galaxies - their nuclei, play decisive role in the phenomena of instability, observed in galaxies. Besides the stars and diffuse matter they must contain dense massive bodies of unknown nature. The activity of galactic nuclei defines their evolution. At present the active galactic nuclei (AGN) are the most intensively studied objects in extragalactic astronomy. Ambartsumian has carried out some other investigations of great importance in astrophysics as well, such as the study of interstellar absorbing matter in the Galaxy (the idea of its ragged structure, the theory of fluctuations of light of the Milky Way), works on stellar dynamics (establishing of the base of new, statistical mechanics of stellar systems), statistical investigations of flare stars, and others. Ambartsumian was an outstanding organizer of science, who significantly promoted the international scientific cooperation. In 1948-1955 he was the vice-president, and in 1961-64 - the president of the International Astronomical Union (IAU), in 1968 and 1970 he was twice elected the president of the International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU). His many-sided activity accepted high estimate. He was awarded governmental prizes, orders and medals of a number of countries (Twice Hero of Socialist Labour in 1968 and 1978, USSR State Prizes in 1946 and 1950, Russian State Prize in 1995, National Hero of Armenia in 1994), gold medals of a number of academies and scientific societies. He was elected honorary and foreign member of 28 Academies of Sciences, including USA, UK, France, Italy, Holland, Belgium, Denmark, Sweden, Greece, Czechoslovakia, India, Argentina, and other National Academies, honorary member of scientific societies of many countries, honorary doctor of the Universities of Canberra (Australia), La Plata (Argentina), Warsaw and Torun (Poland), Praha (Czechoslovakia), Liege (Belgium) and Sorbonne (France).V.A.Ambartsumian has published about 20 books and booklets, more than 200 scientific papers, numerous popular articles. Victor A. Ambartsumian passed away in August 12, 1996 in Byurakan. He will remain forever as one of the most outstanding scientists of the XX century. V.A.AMBARTSUMIAN’S ACHIEVEMENTS, HONOURS and AWARDS 1931-1932 Scientific Secretary of the Pulkovo Observatory 1931-1934 Lecturer of astrophysics of the Leningrad State University 1934 Professor of the Leningrad State University 1934-1946 Head of the first in the Soviet Union department of astrophysics, founded in the Leningrad State University 1935 Awarded the scientific degree of doctor of physical-mathematical sciences without defense of dissertation 1937-1944 Scientific head of the Yerevan Astronomical Observatory 1939 Corresponding member of the USSR Academy of Sciences 1939-1941 Director of the astronomical observatory of the Leningrad State University 1940 Member of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union 1940 Title of Honored Scientist of the Armenian SSR 1941-1943 Pro-rector of the Leningrad State University on scientific affairs and head of scientific-research branch of University, evacuated to Yelabuga (Tatar ASSR) 1943 Founding member of the newly organized Armenian SSR Academy of Sciences 1943 Full member of the Armenian SSR Academy of Sciences 1943-1947 Vice-President of the Armenian SSR Academy of Sciences 1944 Labour Red Banner Order for outstanding services in preparing astronomy specialists and on the occasion of 125th anniversary of the Leningrad University 1944-1994 Head of the newly founded department of astrophysics of the Yerevan State University 1944-1946 Director of the Yerevan Astrophysical Observatory of the Armenian SSR Academy of Sciences 1944 Chairman of the Astronomical Commission of the USSR Academy of Sciences 1944-1959 Editor-in-chief of the journal "Reports of the Armenian SSR Academy of Sciences" 1944-1979 Member of the editorial board of the "Astronomical journal" of the USSR Academy of Sciences 1945 Lenin Order for outstanding services in development of science & engineering and on occasion of 220th anniversary of the USSR Academy of Sciences 1946 USSR State prize for creation of new theory of light scattering in turbid medium 1946-1988 Director of the newly founded Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory of the Armenian SSR Academy of Sciences 1946-1985 Editor-in-chief of the "Communications of the Byurakan Observatory" 1946 Member of the International Astronomical Union (IAU) 1947 Honorary member of the American Astronomical Society (AAS) 1947 Professor of the Yerevan State University 1947-1951 Deputy of the Armenian SSR Supreme Soviet 1947-1956 Chairman of the Editorial-Publishing council of the Armenian SSR Academy of Sciences 1947-1972 Member of the Committee on Lenin and USSR State prizes in the field of science and engineering at the USSR Council of Ministers 1947-1993 President of the Armenian SSR Academy of Sciences 1947 Chairman of the "Knowledge" society administration of the Armenian SSR 1948-1955 Vice-President of the International Astronomical Union (IAU) 1948 Member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Armenian SSR 1949-1953 Chairman of the Armenian Republican Committee of defenders of peace 1950 USSR State prize for the discovery and study of new type of stellar systems ("Stellar associations") (together with B.E.Markarian) 1950 Deputy of the USSR Supreme Soviet 1952-1964 Chairman of the Committee on cosmogony of the USSR Academy of Sciences 1953 Labour Red Banner Order for prolonged meritorious service and unexceptionable work 1953 Full member of the USSR Academy of Sciences 1953 Honorary member of the Royal Astronomical Society (Great Britain) 1953 Corresponding member of the Royal Society (Academy of sciences) of Belgium (Liege) 1955 Member of the Presidium of the USSR Academy of Sciences 1956 Corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of Austria 1956 Jansen medal of the French Astronomical Society for scientific services 1957 Corresponding member of the German Academy of Sciences in Berlin 1957 Foreign Honorary member of the American Academy of Sciences and Arts (Boston) 1958 Lenin Order for outstanding services in the field of development of astronomy and on the occasion of his 50th anniversary 1958 Corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of France 1959 Member of the USA National Academy of Sciences 1959 Member of the German Academy of naturalists "Leopoldina" (Halle) 1959 Honorary member of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada 1959 Catarine Brus gold medal of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific (California, USA) for outstanding services in the field of astronomy 1960 Gold Medal of the Great Britain Royal Astronomical Society for works in the field of theoretical astrophysics and stellar astronomy 1960 Medal "For labour valour" 1961-1964 President of the International Astronomical Union (IAU) 1963 Title of Honorary Doctor (honoris causa) of the Australian National University (Canberra) 1964-1987 Editor-in-Chief of the newly founded journal "Astrofizika" 1965 Title of Honorary Doctor (honoris causa) of the Paris (Sorbonne) University as a recognition of services to world science 1966 Member of Executive Committee of the International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU) 1967 Title of Honorary Doctor (honoris causa) of the Liege University (Belgium) 1967 Title of Honorary Doctor (honoris causa) of the Carlov (Praha) University (Czechoslovakia) 1967 Member of the Italian National Academy of Sciences "Dei Lincei" 1967 Chairman of the editorial board and scientific-publishing council of the first "Armenian Soviet Encyclopedia" 1968 Title of the Hero of Socialist Labour with investiture of Lenin Order and Gold medal "Hammer and sickle" for great services in the development of astronomical science and on the occasion of his 60th anniversary 1968 Title of Honoured Scientist of the Georgian SSR 1968-1972 President of the International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU) (two periods) 1969 Cyrill & Mefodiy Order of I degree by Presidium of the People's Assembly of the People's Republic of Bulgaria for successes in development of science 1969 Honorary member of the London Royal Society (Great Britain Academy of sciences) 1969 Honorary member of the Cambridge Philosophical Society (England) 1970 S.I.Vavilov medal by the Presidium of Administration of All-Union society "Knowledge" for services in popularization of political and scientific knowledge 1970 Member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Sciences 1970 Gold medal of the Slovak Academy of Sciences for outstanding scientific and social activity and for services to humanity 1970 Chairman of the Committee of the Armenian SSR State prizes in the field of science and engineering at the Armenian SSR Council of Ministers 1971 Member of the Royal Academy of Sciences of Denmark 1971 Helmholz medal by the German Academy of Sciences in Berlin (GDR) for successes in the field of natural sciences 1971 The highest award of the Academy - M.V.Lomonosov Gold medal by the Presidium of the USSR Academy of Sciences for outstanding achievements in the field of astronomy and astrophysics 1972 Honorary member of the Azerbaijan SSR Academy of Sciences 1973 Honorary member of the Royal Academy of Sciences of Sweden 1973 Order of "Service" of the 3rd degree by the Government of Poland for outstanding scientific services 1973 Title of Honorary Doctor (honoris causa) of the Nicolaus Copernic Torun University (Poland) 1973 Honorary member of the New-York Academy of Sciences 1974 Foreign member of the Academy of Sciences of Bulgaria 1974 Title of Honorary Doctor (honoris causa) of the La-Plata University (Argentina) 1974 Kotenius Gold medal by the German Academy of naturalists ("Leopoldina") in Halle (GDR) 1974 Foreign member of the Cordoba (Argentina) Academy of Sciences 1974 Sarmiento medal by the Cordoba (Argentina) Academy of Sciences for scientific and pedagogical services 1974 Chairman of the United Scientific Council on astronomy of the USSR Academy of Sciences 1974 Lenin Order for scientific services on the occasion of 250th anniversary of the USSR Academy of Sciences 1975 Order of "Banner" of the Hungarian People's Republic 1976 Foreign member of the Academy of Sciences of India 1976 Member of the Editorial board of the "Reports of the USSR Academy of Sciences" 1978 Foreign member of the Academy of Sciences of Czechoslovakia 1978 Foreign member (Associe etranger) of the Academy of Sciences of France 1978 Lenin Order and second Gold medal "Hammer and sickle" of the Hero of Socialist Labour for outstanding services in the development of the Soviet science and on the occasion of his 70th anniversary 1978 Honorary member of the Academy of Sciences of the Georgian SSR 1978 Corresponding member of the International Academy of Astronautics 1979 Honorary member of the Academy of Sciences of Hungary 1982 Honorary citizen of Tbilisi (Georgia) 1983 Foreign member of the Academy of Sciences of Athens (Greece) 1983 "October Revolution" Order for scientific services and on the occasion of his 75th anniversary 1984 Gold medal of the Academy of Sciences of Czechoslovakia for scientific services 1984 Deputy of the USSR Supreme Soviet 1984 Foreign member of the Syrian Scientific Society (Academy of sciences) 1988 Honorary director of the Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory 1992 Full member of the European Academy (London) 1992 Full member of the Russian Academy of Creation 1993 Honorary President of the Armenian National Academy of Sciences 1994 Counsellor of the Russian Academy of Sciences 1994 Motherland Order and title of "National Hero of Armenia" for creation of scientific values of international significance, exceptional services in the field of organization of science 1994 George Gamov prize and medal of the Russian Academy of Creation for outstanding contribution in the development of astrophysics 1994 Annual national prize of the All-Armenian Foundation "Hayastan" in the field of science and culture 1995 State prize of the Russian Federation in the field of science and engineering for the scientific work "Dynamics of the structure of stellar systems" 1996 Member of the Euro-Asian Astronomical Society (EAAS) Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Arpa Posted September 18, 2014 Report Share Posted September 18, 2014 Today Sept. 18, 2014 would have been the 106th birth anniversary of the world renown astrophysicist. 9, 18, 1908 ** Tiflis -8,12, 1996 Yerevan, at age 88. **This may be the reason why he is all over the news, with endowing awrds in his name to various scientists, be they Armenian or else. Here is one. http://groong.usc.edu/news/msg513624.html THREE ARMENIAN SCIENTISTS HONORED WITH VICTOR HAMBARDZUMYAN AWARD http://www.yerakouyn.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/victor-hampartzoumian.jpg http://www.yerakouyn.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/victor-hampartzoumian.jpg Վիկտոր Համբարձումեան. Աշխարհահռչակ Աստղագէտն ու Հաւատաւոր Հայը Հրապարակագիր Նազարէթ Պէրպէրեան կը գրէ Սեպտեմբեր 18-ի այս օրը հայ ժողովուրդը կը նշէ ծննդեան տարեդարձը իր մեծարժէք զաւակներէն Վիկտոր Համբարձումեանի։ Արդի աստղագիտութեան անվիճելի հսկաներէն կը հանդիսանայ 1908-ին, Թիֆլիսի մէջ, Համազասպ Համբարձումեանի յարկին տակ ծնած հայ գիտական մտքի այս բացառիկ ծնունդը։ Վիկտոր Համբարձումեան, իր երիտասարդ տարիքին իսկ, աշխարհով մէկ հռչակուեցաւ իբրեւ բոլոր ժամանակներու մեծագոյն աստղագէտներէն մէկը։ Ուսանողական տարիներէն իր անունին կապեց համաշխարհային տարողութեամբ գիտական յայտնագործումներ։ - Եղաւ հիմնադիրն ու ղեկավարը, 1934ին, Խորհրդային Միութեան առաջին Աստղաբնագիտութեան ամպիոնին։ - Մինչեւ 1941 թուականը արժանաւորապէս վարեց տնօրէնութիւնը Լենինկրատի պետական համալսարանի աստղադիտարանին։ - 1961-1964-ին նախագահ ընտրուեցաւ Միջազգային Աստղագիտական Միութեան։ - Երկու շրջան, 1968-1972, ստանձնեց նախագահութիւնը համաշխարհային Գիտական Միութիւններու Միջազգային Խորհուրդին։ Իբրեւ աշխարհահռչակ աստղագէտի՝ միջազգային տարողութեամբ գիտական մտքի բարձրագոյն դիրքերէն, Վիկտոր Համբարձումեան նոր ժամանակներու մարդկութեան աւանդ կտակեց բնագիտական իմացութեան անդուլ զարգացման, վերանայման ու նորովի հաստատագրման իր մըշտանորոգ պատգամը.- «Քսաներորդ դարի աստղագիտութեան մէջ տեղի է ունենում ահռելի յեղափոխութիւն, միգւցէ իր կարեւորութեամբ համեմատելի՝ կոպեռնիկոսեան յեղափոխութեան հետ: Դա պայմանաւորուած է Տիեզերքում որակապէս նոր տեսակի գոյացութիւնների՝ գալակտիկաների գործուն միջուկների (որոնց մէջ տեղի են ունենում ահռելի պայթիւններ), քվազիաստղային ռադիոաղբիւրների (քվազարների) եւն յայտնաբերմամբ: Պարզուեց, որ այդ տիեզերական մարմիններում ընթացող երեւոյթները ամբողջովին անսովոր են, եւ դրանք անհրաժեշտութիւն առաջացրին՝ արմատապէս վերանայել բազմաթիւ աստղաֆիզիկական, տիեզերածնական, տիեզերաբանական պատկերացումներ եւ տեսութիւններ՝ կասկածի տակ դնելով նաեւ ներկայումս յայտնի ֆիզիկայի հիմնարար օրէնքների համընդհանուր բնոյթը: Չի բացառւում, որ Տիեզերքի հետազօտութիւնը արդէն ոչ-հեռու ապագայում կը յանգեցնի ֆիզիկական իմացութեան ամբողջ համակարգի նոր յեղափոխութեան»: Թէեւ Վ. Համբարձումեան գիտականօրէն կազմաւորուեցաւ Լենինկրատի մէջ եւ դարձաւ խորհրդային երիտասարդ գիտնականներու փաղանգին յառաջապահ ջահակիրներէն մէկը, որուն սիրտը սակայն միշտ կապուած մնաց հայրենի լեռներուն՝ Հայաստան Աշխարհին եւ հայ ժողովուրդին։ Երբ Երկրորդ Աշխարհամարտի ամէնէն բուռն մէկ հանգրուանին, 1943-ին, Խորհրդային Հայաստանը արտօնութիւն ստացաւ հիմնելու Գիտութիւններու իր Ակադմիան, Վիկտոր Համբարձումեան փութաց Երեւան։ Նորաստեղծ Ակադեմիայի առաջին նախագահ ընտրուեցաւ մեծանուն հայ գիտնական Յովսէփ Օրբելին, իսկ Վ. Համբարձումեանի վստահուեցաւ փոխ-նախագահութիւնը։ 1947-ին Վ. Համբարձումեան ընտրուեցաւ Գիտութիւններու Ակադեմիայի նախագահ եւ այդ պաշտօնին վրայ վերընտրուեցաւ շարունակ, մինչեւ 1993 թուականը, երբ հռչակուեցաւ Հայաստանի Գիտութիւններու Ակադեմիայի պատուոյ նախագահը։ Վիկտոր Համբարձումեանի մեծագոյն նուաճումը եղաւ հիմնադրութիւնը Բիւրականի Աստղադիտարանին, որուն անփոփոխ տնօրէնը մնաց մինչեւ 1988 թուականը՝ համաշխարհային արժէքով գիտական կարեւորագոյն կեդրոնի մը վերածելով զայն եւ գիտնականներու ամբողջ սերունդ մը հասցնելով։ Արձանագրուած փաստ է, որ հացադուլին առիթով, Խ. Միութեան այդ օրերու թիւ 1 իշխանաւորը՝ Միխայիլ Կորպաչով յատուկ բանագնաց ուղարկեց մեծանուն հայուն մօտ, նախ Վ. Համբարձումեանի ծննդեան ութսունամեակը շնորհաւորելու, բայց նաեւ յորդորելու ութսունամեայ հայ պահանջատէրին, որ խնայէ իր առողջութեան եւ վերջ տայ հացադուլին Աշխարհահռչակ աստղագէտին պատասխանը եղաւ.- «Խնդրում եմ Միխայիլ Սերգյեւիչին փոխանցել, որ եթէ ինքը խնդրում է դադարեցնել քաղաքական ձեռնարկումը, ապա կարող էր նշել նաեւ հացադուլ յայտարարած իմ ընկերների անունները: Թէ չէ, մի տեսակ լաւ չի ստացւում: Նրան նաեւ փոխանցէք, որ մենք կը գնանք մինչեւ վերջ եւ որ անձամբ ես երբեք չէի դիմի նման ծայրայեղ միջոցի, եթէ վստահ չլինէի իմ իրաւացիութեանը»: Մեծանուն Հայը տեսաւ Արցախի իրողական ազատագրումը, ինչպէս նաեւ Հայաստանի վերանկախացումը։ Վախճանեցաւ 12 Օգոստոս 1996-ին, 88 տարեկան հասակին եւ յաւերժական իր հանգիստը գտաւ իր ձեռակերտը հանդիսացող Բիւրականի Աստղադիտարանի մերձակայքը, աստղադիտարանի գերեզմանատան մէջ՝ սերունդներուն պատգամելով.- «Առանց երեւակայութեան հոգին նոյնն է, ինչ աստղադիտարանը առանց հեռադիտակի.===== http://www.yerakouyn.com/?p=63064 http://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Վիկտոր_Համբարձումյան Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Arpa Posted September 19, 2014 Report Share Posted September 19, 2014 Dear Nazareth with all due respects and admirations for your invaluable contributions to our culture, history etc. you may have missed or ignored, I am surprised that you fell in the trap of the above bastardized so called new orthography- by Ivan the Terrible and Abeghian transliteration. I am sure you left them as is and did not correct them to drive a point. ՔՎԱԶԻ/ ՔՈՒԱԶԻ, and ՔՎԱԶԱՐ/ ՔՈՒԱԶԱՐ which both in fact are from the Latin -QUASI and QUASAR respectively. քվազիաստղային** ռադիոաղբիւրների (քվազարների) *** եւն յայտնաբերմամբ: Պարզուեց, որ այդ տիեզերական մարմիններում --- քվազարների եւն յայտնաբերմամբ: Պարզուեց, որ այդ տիեզերականWell see the rest under the Category LANGUAGE. ԼԷՆԿՎԻՉ, ԼԵԶՈՒ I wish those clowns in Yerevan would teach us real Armenian, Latin, English Not Marx- Engelso Leninian , lenininiskii, russ-ARMENIAN. ** == ՔՎԱԶԻ-/ ՔՈՒԱԶԻ, and ՔՎԱԶԱՐ-ՔՈՒԱԶԱՐ ==== We will see what they mean under another cover. ** Lobi (Arabic), pomidore(Italian), kardofil (German), mrozhni, and shashlik (furkish-shishlik). Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
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