Iran01 Posted March 5, 2004 Report Share Posted March 5, 2004 I would be pleased if people here could write down Armenians affix-system. (or give me links to pages on the net about Armenian affisx-system. I searched the net but didnt find any related information. I am looking after something like this: Latin Preposition: DE down or away from Latin Prefix: de- default Latin Preposition: CUM with Latin Prefix: com- co- col- con- cor- compound cooperate collect convolution correspond .... ) Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
nairi Posted March 10, 2004 Report Share Posted March 10, 2004 (edited) I'm not sure if this is what you're looking for, but I thought it might be worthwile to have it on the internet anyway. For more info, I would advise you to look for any books relating to (derivational) morphology. Unfortunately, as far as I know, there are no modern up-to-date books on Armenian at the moment, but some of the older ones may or may not be helpful. Feel free to add to, discuss or correct any of the following. (I just hope this isn't subject to copyright..) From: Grammaire D'Armenien Oriental -- M. Minassian PREFIXES 1. Negating Prefixes an- : (i) an- + noun = adjective meaning "without", e.g. anham; (ii) an- + adjective = antonym of that adjective, e.g. anmatcheli; (iii) an- + verbal stem = adjective that is an antonym, e.g. anzga ap(a)- : (i) ap(a) + noun or root = negating adjective, e.g. aperakht; (ii) ap(a) + adjective = antonym of that adjective, e.g. aperjanik; (iii) ap(a) + verb = antonym of that verb, e.g. apazinel dzh- : dzhgoh ch- : chber t- : tgegh 2. Regular Prefixes This is the principal list with the most common meanings: andr- : over, across ar- : near art- : extra-, outside bagh- : together bac- : far, apart ger- : super- der- : vice-, pro- yent- : sub- @nd- : toward, against (@ndhanur) ; for (@ndmisht) hak- : anti- ham- : all (hamashkharhayin) ; same (hamalezu) har- : (i) (adjective) next to, alike; (ii) (adverb) forever, indefinite hegh- : against, upside down mak- : on ner- : in shar- : in rank par- : around tar- : different ; stranger ; extra- tram- : on both sides pokh- : in return ; from one to the other ; vice- Some linguists include words that are also used as first elements in compound nouns: araj : before dim (from dem) : against het : behind mij (from mej) : inside nakh : before something, before someone, first vayr : low ver : high SUFFIXES 1. Nominalising Suffixes -ats : indicates the result of the action, e.g. ararats -atso/u : indicates the result of an action, e.g. pahaco, zhoghovatsu -ak : (i) diminutive, e.g. tnak; (ii) attached to roots = nouns, e.g. &ashak; (iii) attached to verbal stems = agentive nouns, objects etc., e.g. pahak, vripak, averak -an : (i) forms nouns of tools or manner, e.g. khtan, khcan; (ii) forms nouns of place where there is action, e.g. oloran, kayan -anak : yakhtanak, eghanak -aran : see -ran -anq : indicates the result or the noun of an action, e.g. erazanq -ark : stem of Classical Armenian arkanel (to throw), e.g. arajark (proposition) -arq : indicates the result of the action, e.g. gortsarq -eghen : indicates the material of the object, e.g. oskeghen -eni: often forms names of trees: khdzoreni -enq/anq/onq : form collective nouns by attaching to proper nouns, pronouns, genetives of personal pronouns, e.g. Tigranenq, Vardananq, qononq -eren/aren : form names of languages, e.g. hayeren, hunaren -ik : diminutive or of tenderness, e.g. astghik, mayrik -ich : (i) forms agentive nouns, e.g. perkich; (ii) forms names of tools, e.g. grich -iq : @ntriq, @taniq -kic : "co-, participant", e.g. seghanakic -munq : forms nouns of action, e.g. usmunq -yak : forms nouns of unit with cardinal numbers, e.g. tasnyak -yan : forms last names or partisans : Mamikonyan, leninyan. *In Classical Armenian, its synonym was -yanc -yun : forms nouns of sound or onomatopoeias from nouns of action, e.g. hnchyun -noc : (i) forms names of place, e.g. hyuranoc; (ii) forms nouns of clothing or objects to wear, e.g. gognoc, dzernoc; (iii) forms nouns of measure or value by attaching to nouns of number or unit, e.g. kopekanoc -pan : forms nouns of profession, e.g. pahapan -panak : "hold-, carry-", e.g. trtapanak (folder that holds documents) -patik : "so many times", e.g. erapatik (triple) -stan : (i) forms names of countries, e.g. hayastan; (ii) forms nouns of place where something is abundant, e.g. tsarastan; (iii) forms nouns of place of something, e.g. menastan -vats(q) : forms nouns of result or action; joins without the linking -a-, e.g. hatvats, patrvatsq -var : indicates a conductor or director, e.g. khmbavar, haghordavar -ran/-aran : (i) form nouns of place or objects made for an action, e.g. nnjaran, lvacaran; (ii) form names of books of collection, e.g. ergaran; (iii) form nouns of place made for a function, e.g. katoghikosaran -ci/agi/egi : form nouns of inhabitants, nationality or partisans to a doctrine, e.g. yerevantsi, guyratsi, parisetsi -acu : "destined to", e.g. harsnacu, mahacu -- These nouns are also used as adjectives. -u : agentive noun, e.g. avararu -utyun : forms abstract nouns or collective nouns by attaching itself to nouns, adjectives, pronouns and verbal stems, e.g. azgutyun, barutyun, gyughaciutyun -uk : (i) diminutive, e.g. marduk; (ii) non-diminutive, e.g. arduk -uhi : forms female agentive nouns or first names, e.g. banvoruhi, Varduhi -um : forms nouns of action, e.g. usum -uyt : dzandzruyt -uyk : diminutive, e.g. grquyk -uyc : zruyc -uyq : khnjuyq -und : snund -unq : skzbunq -ut : forms nouns of place where there is an abundance of something, e.g. eghegnut, avazut -ust : aprust, galust -urd : zhoghovurd -- rare suffix -ucq : indicates the result of an action, e.g. Ayrucq -q : formerly the plural of nouns in Classical Armenian; forms nouns by attaching to adjectives, roots or stems of verbs; belongs to these suffixes: -anq, -arq, -iq, -uyq, -unq, -uycq, e.g. parq, ancq 2. Adjectivising Suffixes -ak : reinforces or modifies the meaning of other adjectives, e.g. klorak -akan : (i) forms adjectives relating to someone, e.g. mahmedakan; (ii) forms qualifying adjectives with verbal themes, e.g. hiacakan; (iii) forms distributive numerals, e.g. mekakan -aki : (i) "in form of", e.g. ughghaki; (ii) "so many times", e.g. erkaki -ayin : "related to", e.g. erknayin -an : "endowed with", e.g. durekan -ani : "endowed with, having", e.g. geghani -avun : diminishing or augmenting the intensity a little, e.g. karmravun, metsavun -at : "deprived of", e.g. gunat -acu : "destined to", e.g. glkharvacu -gin : forms adjectives in the strong sense, e.g. cavagin -guyn : forms superlatives of qualifying adjectives, e.g. lavaguyn -e : forms adjectives from material nouns; its synonym is -ya, e.g. voske -egh : "abundant with", e.g. uzhegh -eghen : indicates the matter, like -e, e.g. hreghen -eni : "relating to", e.g. mayreni -erord : forms ordinal numbers, e.g. vecerord -i : forms a verbal adjective, from the infinitive, meaning "worthy of, possible to", e.g. sireli -ik : (i) reinforces or weakens the meaning of adjectives, e.g. poqrik; (ii) forms adjectives with verb stems, e.g. tapancik -in : forms adjectives or reinforces their meaning, e.g. arajin, khorin -ich : "doing something", e.g. gravich -iq : forms verbal adjectives with infinitives, e.g. greliq -lik : diminutive or affable, e.g. baralik, tmblik -kot : "prone to, abundant with", e.g. vakhkot. It is synonymous to -ot. -ya : indicates the matter, synonymous to -e, -eghen, e.g. erkatya -yal : participal suffix of Classical Armenian, forms verbal adjectives, e.g. hetevyal -yan : forms adjectives relating to, e.g. kantyan (Kantian), ajakoghmyan -ovi : gives the meaning of a past participle, e.g. gnovi -ot : "equipped with, abundant with, full of", e.g. msot -ord : forms adjectives showing rank, e.g. hajord -vet : "abundant with", e.g. tsaghkavet -vor : "abundant with, equipped with", e.g. tunavor, zinvor -rord : forms ordinal numbers, e.g. yerkrord -uk : reinforces the meaning of adjectives, e.g. taquk -un : "endowed with", e.g. trchun, hosun 3. Adverbialising Suffixes -bar : forms adverbs by attaching to nouns or adjectives, e.g. hayrabar, qajabar -ics : "so many times", e.g. bazmics, qanics, erics -ovin : forms adverbs of manner, e.g. khmbovin, liovin -oren : forms adverbs of manner, e.g. mardkoren, aznvoren -patik : "so many times", e.g. erapatik -pes : forms adverbs of manner or meaning "in relation to", e.g. nuynapes, marmnapes -ust : indicates origin, e.g. nerqust -uc : forms adverbs of time answering the question "since when?", e.g. vaghuc, mankuc Edited November 5, 2004 by nairi Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Iran01 Posted March 10, 2004 Author Report Share Posted March 10, 2004 I'm not sure if this is what you're looking for, but I thought it might be worthwile to have it on the internet anyway. For more info, I would advise you to look for any books relating to (derivational) morphology. Unfortunately, as far as I know, there are no modern up-to-date books on Armenian at the moment, but some of the older ones may or may not be helpful. Feel free to add to, discuss or correct any of the following. Yes, that is exactly what I was looking for. Thank you very much. Unfortunately I dont know Armenian so I can not help so much But I hope Armenians on this forum get interested in it and read and learn... and get better understanding of Armenian as language. There hasnt been so many research on the affix-system for Persian and the system is a absolut necessarity for the language to survive and stay pure to reproduce new words. ( in current situation because of the religion , Islam, Persian is affected by Arabic which as a semetic language is not affix oriented. And in recent time the global effect from French and English. Even thought the English language is an Indo-European language but usage of latin affixes sounds strange in Persian. It has no real/natural connection to Persian.) So the option left is to look in middle Persian and in some cases in Sanskrit. Both middle Persian and Sanskrit are not a living language. What stroke me was that around Iran we have Armenia ! Which is far away from Iran but still close to Iran. So maybe affixes in modern Armenian can be find in middle persian.....etc. Some of the affixes in your list at a first look exists in modern Persian, for ex: ham, ak, ang, ik, pan, var, uk Anyway, Thank you. I will put your list at http://www.iranianlanguages.com/forum/ so hopefully people will get a better understanding for Persian affixes..etc. Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
nairi Posted March 10, 2004 Report Share Posted March 10, 2004 Great site you have there Iran01! Good luck! Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Harut Posted March 11, 2004 Report Share Posted March 11, 2004 thank you very much, nairi. only a couple of corrections... Some linguists include words that are also used as first elements in compound nouns: araj : before dim (from dem) : against het : behind mij (from mej) : inside nakh : first vayr : low ver : high nakh: previous SUFFIXES 1. Nominalising Suffixes -patik : "so many times", e.g. trapatik (triple) i don't think trapatik is ever used or is in any Armanian dictionary. erapatik is the word. Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Iran01 Posted March 11, 2004 Author Report Share Posted March 11, 2004 (edited) "Nakh" is used in modern Persian az "nakhost , nakhostin". ( pronounced as "nokhost, nokhostin" ). It is understood as " first, initial, .." . ( for ex , "nokhstvazir" = prime minister, "barge nokhost" = initial page, main page..) According to this pure Persian dictionary: http://iranianlanguages.com/dictionary.php...g&word=naxostin "Nakhostin" means "former" too. ( It was new to me, always thought it means "first"! ) Anyway, the word, "nakh" in Persian means, "thread". Nairi! Join the forum if you are interested and have time. I am sure there are cases your input would be of great value. Edited March 11, 2004 by Iran01 Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
nairi Posted March 11, 2004 Report Share Posted March 11, 2004 thank you very much, nairi. Any time And thanks for the feedback! nakh: previous In my dictionary it says: before something, before someone, first. Nakhord means "previous", the opposite of "hajord", next. But "nakh yev araj" means "before anything else; the very beginning." I think "first" in this case captivates all three meanings, but I'll edit the definition in the list. i don't think trapatik is ever used or is in any Armanian dictionary. erapatik is the word. You're right, it was supposed to be erapatik. Nairi! Join the forum if you are interested and have time. I am sure there are cases your input would be of great value. Thanks for the invitation. I'll see what I can do, but I don't promise anything. Neither my (knowledge of) Farsi nor Armenian are that good (yet ). Some others on this forum might be interested though. Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Stormig Posted March 11, 2004 Report Share Posted March 11, 2004 mij (from mej) : inside That's the one that reminds me of Mijagetq (Mesopotamia!)... Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Harut Posted March 12, 2004 Report Share Posted March 12, 2004 nakh: previous In my dictionary it says: before something, before someone, first. Nakhord means "previous", the opposite of "hajord", next. But "nakh yev araj" means "before anything else; the very beginning." I think "first" in this case captivates all three meanings, but I'll edit the definition in the list. sorry, by "previous" i didn't really mean 'nakhord', but, like you said, "before something, before someone", which i don't think is neccessarily the same as "first". (but i could be wrong, and it's not that important). and in the phrase 'nakh yev araj', i think, 'araj' is the word that gives the phrase the meaning of "the very beginning; before anything else". You're right, it was supposed to be erapatik. ok. i just thought we have a new word from the stem 'tri' ('er'). Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Harut Posted March 12, 2004 Report Share Posted March 12, 2004 That's the one that reminds me of Mijagetq (Mesopotamia!)... does Mesopotamia translate to 'Mijagetq' from some other language? Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Harut Posted March 12, 2004 Report Share Posted March 12, 2004 i don't know if in this case it is a prefix or a stem, but... har- : forever, indefinit Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
nairi Posted March 12, 2004 Report Share Posted March 12, 2004 sorry, by "previous" i didn't really mean 'nakhord', but, like you said, "before something, before someone", which i don't think is neccessarily the same as "first". (but i could be wrong, and it's not that important). and in the phrase 'nakh yev araj', i think, 'araj' is the word that gives the phrase the meaning of "the very beginning; before anything else". Fair enough. You're right har- : forever, indefinit Haha! Yes Har-ut it's an adverb. As an adjective it means "next to or alike". From what I can see, they both seem to be used as a prefix, unless haryur is a compound Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Stormig Posted August 4, 2004 Report Share Posted August 4, 2004 does Mesopotamia translate to 'Mijagetq' from some other language? How do you mean? Mesopotamia means "between two rivers" in Greek. Then there is Ma wara an'nahr in Arabic, which I thought mean similar, as in between Amu-Darya (Oxus) and Syr-Darya rivers, but apparently it means "past the river" as in Transoxiania. Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Harut Posted August 4, 2004 Report Share Posted August 4, 2004 How do you mean? Mesopotamia means "between two rivers" in Greek. and that's what 'mijagetq' means in armenian, "between [two] rivers" Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Arpa Posted August 4, 2004 Report Share Posted August 4, 2004 and that's what 'mijagetq' means in armenian, "between [two] rivers" Meso=middle/between, potamia=water/rivers. Greek "pota" for water is evident in such words as "potable/drinkable" and hippo-potamus=horse of the river. Mij-a-getq, between (two) rivers. In modern Arabid it is "bein nahrein", more commonly "ben-nahren", bein=between and nahrein=two rivers,the "ein" ending in Arabic denotes two based on their numerology, (w)ahad=one, the nein=two. We know which rivers those are. In the Arabic "nahr" is river and "bahr" is sea, they may be interchangeable as sometime the Nile is decribed as nahr or bahr bepending which part, the upper delta region the river is as wide as a sea. To be precise the Armenian Mesopotamia is better known as Verin Mijagetq and the Assyrian/Iraqi one is known as Nerkin Mijagetq. Which brings us to "nairi" which is based on the Assyrian word for river from which the Arabic is derived -"naru". To see more about Nairi go to history. Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Stormig Posted August 4, 2004 Report Share Posted August 4, 2004 Greek "pota" for water is evident in such words as "potable/drinkable" and hippo-potamus=horse of the river. Interesting. I had wondered where the Latin potable, with no obvious links to acqua or anything, had come from, but I hadn't thought about ποτίζω (potizo)... Silly me. Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Stormig Posted August 4, 2004 Report Share Posted August 4, 2004 Yay, can everyone see the Greek fonts? Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Iran01 Posted February 8, 2005 Author Report Share Posted February 8, 2005 is "pat/pata" a suffix too ? as in PATASKHAN . Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Iran01 Posted February 8, 2005 Author Report Share Posted February 8, 2005 Yay, can everyone see the Greek fonts? style_images/master/snapback.png yes ποτίζω Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
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