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Garo jan es vor terits es gtel ?

Samantha Power Adjunct Lecturer in Public Policy Exec. Director, Carr Center http://www.ksg.harvard.edu/ksgpress/ksg_people/faculty/images/spower.jpg Samantha Power is Adjunct Lecturer in Public Policy and Executive Director of the Carr Center for Human Rights Policy. From 1993-1996, Power covered the wars in the former Yugoslavia as a reporter for US News and World Report and the Economist. In 1996 she joined the International Crisis Group (ICG) as a political analyst, helping launch the organization in Bosnia. She has just completed the book "A Problem from Hell: America and the Age of Genocide," which examines U.S. responses to genocide since the Holocaust. Her article on the Rwandan genocide, Bystanders to Genocide appeared September 2001 issue of the Atlantic Monthly. She is the editor, with Graham Allison, of Realizing Human Rights (2000). She co-teaches ISP 221, "Human Rights and U.S. Foreign Policy." SAMANTHA POWER, an adviser to the International Crisis Group, is writing a book on American responses to genocide. [ April 17, 2002, 11:44 AM: Message edited by: MosJan ]

Nitro runner bursts through Glendale boys' track and field runner's smart, tough 800-meter win at Arcadia Invitational is sixth best in nation this year, school record. By MIRJAM SWANSON ARCADIA -- Argishti Beglaryan said he had never worked so hard in his life. Nor had he ever run so fast. No one from Glendale High had, actually. With his video-taping parents among the capacity crowd on hand to view the conclusion of the nation's largest high school-hosted event featuring athletes from 387 schools and 20 states, Beglaryan won the seeded 800-meter race Saturday at the Arcadia Invitational at Arcadia High. He did it in a personal-best and school record of 1 minute 53.83 seconds, also the sixth-fastest time by a high schooler in the nation this year. But the electrifying result -- 1.8 seconds better than his previous PR and program best, did more than reestablised records. It served as a bit of a statement, too. The more prestigious invitational 800, run immediately after the seeded version, produced a winning time that was just .14 of a second faster than Beglaryan's. "He was disappointed he didn't get into the invitational, so he kind of made a statement about that," said Nitro Coach Edgar Torosyan, one of three Glendale coaches on hand, minus longtime Nitro mentor John Barnes, with whom Beglaryan had been bearing down workout-wise for the past three weeks. Barnes was in Eagle Rock, attending an event at Occident College where he once starred, as Beglaryan made his familiar strut to the starting line, three lanes in. Because he persuaded Barnes to OK his doing so, Beglaryan -- the 1999 Armenian 800 national champion -- pushed off the line clearly intent on getting to the front of the pack. He did, making up the stagger by the 50-meter mark and getting as far in front of the jostling that kept him boxed in and in seventh place at the CIF Southern Sectoin Division I final last June. "He's not big enough to elbow his way around and he's got so much speed and acceleration, someone's going to have to have a lot of speed to catch him from the back," Glendale assistant coach Mike Harzmann said. Beglaryan stayed ahead for almost the entire first lap, for which he clocked a 54.9 -- on pace, because he and Barnes had scheduled a 55-second split at the halfway point. For a few seconds at the end of the first go-around, the pack was upon Beglaryan, trying to sidle up to him and pass. But Beglaryan stayed calm, in control and simply slid wide, so as not to inhibit his rhythm, before motoring ahead again at the 600-meter mark. "When they tried to catch me I started to pick it up," Beglaryan said. But by the time he was on the home stretch, after 1 1/2 laps and 1 1/2 minutes of excertion, Beglaryan had company again. Rosemead's Mario Cobian ran shoulder-to-shoulder with Beglaryan for several paces off the final curve, threatening to take over the lead. Cobian had the momentum, and Beglaryan seemed to be straining. "I was dying [at that point]," Beglaryan said. But, somewhere, Beglaryan found another gear. "Honestly, I did [think I had Beglaryan beaten]," Cobian said. Beglaryan pulled ahead for the final 10 meters, finishing .07 ahead of both Cobian and Birmingham's Damian Rinaldi. With a hard-fought victory to his credit, Beglaryan -- who plans next week to run in the Mount San Antonio College Invitaional -- staggered off completely winded. "This is the hardest race I've ever run," Beglaryan said. His coaches knew it. That only made them more proud. If you do well in this meet, that's really saying something," Harzmann said. Actually, even running in the invitational counts for a good deal. CV sent eight relay teams to participate in the two-day meet. The Falcons' best finish came from the boys' distance medley team that raced in Saturday's open session. The squad of Chris Snyder, C.J. Howard, Ben Kessen and Rusty Whisman placed sixth with a time of 10:49.91. Also in Friday's relays-only portion of the event, the St. Francis boys' 1,600 sprint medley team placed third, in 3:38.66. Copyright 2002 Los Angeles Times

Monday, April 15, 2002 FIRST CHAPTER "A PROBLEM FROM HELL" America and the Age of Genocide By Samantha Power BASIC BOOKS Copyright © 2002 Samantha Power. All rights reserved. ISBN: 0-465-06150-8 "Race Murder" Trial by Fire http://www.mksduduks.com/fedayi/Soghomon/MVC-825F.JPG On March 14, 1921, on a damp day in the Charlottenburg district of Berlin, a twenty-four-year-old Armenian crept up behind a man in a heavy gray overcoat swinging his cane. The Armenian, Soghomon Tehlirian, placed a revolver at the back of the man's head and pulled the trigger, shouting, "This is to avenge the death of my family!" The burly target crumpled. If you had heard the shot and spotted the rage distorting the face of the young offender, you might have suspected that you were witnessing a murder to avenge a very different kind of crime. But back then you would not have known to call the crime in question "genocide." The word did not yet exist. Tehlirian, the Armenian assassin, was quickly tackled. As pedestrians beat him with their fists and house keys, he shouted in broken German, "I foreigner, he foreigner, this not hurt Germany.... It's nothing to do with you." It was national justice carried out in an international setting. Tehlirian had just murdered Talaat *****, the former Turkish interior minister who had set out to rid Turkey of its Armenian "problem." In 1915 Talaat had presided over the killing by firing squad, bayoneting, bludgeoning, and starvation of nearly 1 million Armenians. The outside world had known that the Armenians were at grave risk well before Talaat and the Young Turk leadership ordered their deportation. When Turkey entered World War I on the side of Germany against Britain, France, and Russia, Talaat made it clear that the empire would target its Christian subjects. In January 1915, in remarks reported by the New York Times, Talaat said that there was no room for Christians in Turkey and that their supporters should advise them to clear out. By late March Turkey had begun disarming Armenian men serving in the Ottoman army. On April 25, 1915, the day the Allies invaded Turkey, Talaat ordered the roundup and execution of some 250 leading Armenian intellectuals in Constantinople. In each of Turkey's six eastern provinces, local Armenian notables met roughly the same fate. Armenian men in rural areas were initially enlisted as pack animals to transport Turkish supplies to the front, but soon even this was deemed too dignified an existence for the traitorous Christians. Churches were desecrated. Armenian schools were closed, and those teachers who refused to convert to Islam were killed. All over Anatolia the authorities posted deportation orders requiring the Armenians to relocate to camps prepared in the deserts of Syria. In fact, the Turkish authorities knew that no facilities had been prepared, and more than half of the deported Armenians died on the way. "By continuing the deportation of the orphans to their destinations during the intense cold," Talaat wrote, "we are ensuring their eternal rest." "Official proclamations," like this one from June 1915, cropped up around town: Our Armenian fellow countrymen, ... because ... they have ... attempted to destroy the peace and security of the Ottoman state, ... have to be sent away to places which have been prepared in the interior ... and a literal obedience to the following orders, in a categorical manner, is accordingly enjoined upon all Ottomans: With the exception of the sick, all Armenians are obliged to leave within five days from the date of this proclamation.... Although they are free to carry with them on their journey the articles of their movable property which they desire, they are forbidden to sell their land and their extra effects, or to leave them here and there with other people.... The Young Turks—Talaat; Enver *****, the minister of war; and Djemal *****, the minister of public works—justified the wholesale deportation of the Armenians by claiming that it was necessary to suppress Armenian revolts. When Russia had declared war on Turkey the previous year, it had invited Armenians living within Turkey to rise up against Ottoman rule, which a small minority did. Although two prominent Ottoman Armenians led a pair of czarist volunteer corps to fight Turkey, most expressed loyalty to Constantinople. But this did not stop the Turkish leadership from using the pretext of an Armenian "revolutionary uprising" and the cover of war to eradicate the Armenian presence in Turkey. Very few of those killed were plotting anything other than survival. The atrocities were carried out against women, children, and unarmed men. They were not incidental "by-products" of war but in fact resulted from carefully crafted decisions made by Turkey's leaders. In June 1915 Erzindjan, the hometown of Talaat's eventual assassin, was emptied. Soghomon Tehlirian, then nineteen, marched in a column of some 20,000 people, with his mother and siblings—two sisters of fifteen and sixteen, another of twenty-six who carried a two-and-a-half-year-old child, and two brothers of twenty-two and twenty-six. The journey was harrowing. The gendarmes said to be protecting the convoy first dragged Tehlirian's sisters off behind the bushes to rape them. Next he watched a man split his twenty-two-year-old brother's head open with an ax. Finally, the soldiers shot his mother and struck Tehlirian unconscious with a blow to the head. He was left for dead and awoke hours later in a field of corpses. He spotted the mangled body of a sister and the shattered skull of his brother. His other relatives had disappeared. He guessed he was the sole survivor of the caravan. http://www.mksduduks.com/fedayi/Soghomon/MVC-823F.JPG Recognition The "international community," such as it was, did little to contest the Turkish horrors, which began nine months into World War I. Germany was aligned with the brutal regime and thus was best positioned to influence it. Instead, German officials generally covered up Talaat's campaign, ridiculing the Allied accounts of the terror as "pure inventions" and "gross exaggerations." The Germans echoed the Turks' claims that any harsh policies were a measured response to Armenian treason during wartime. The German chancellor met in person with German Christian missionaries who presented eyewitness testimony about the slaughter. But he rejected their appeals. Berlin would not offend its Turkish ally. Britain and France were at war with the Ottoman Empire and publicized the atrocities. The British Foreign Office dug up photographs of the massacre victims and the Armenian refugees in flight. An aggressive, London-based, pro-Armenian lobby helped spur the British press to cover the savagery. But some had trouble believing the tales. British foreign secretary Sir Edward Grey, for one, cautioned that Britain lacked "direct knowledge" of massacres. He urged that "the massacres were not all on one side" and warned that denunciation would likely be futile. Indeed, when Russia's foreign minister drafted a public threat that he hoped the Allies could issue jointly, Grey said he doubted that the message would influence Turkish behavior and might even cause Turkey to adopt more serious measures against the Armenians. Since Britain was already at war with Turkey, other British officials argued that the most expedient way to end the killings would be to defeat the German-Austrian-Turkish alliance. On May 24, 1915, the Allied governments did deliver a joint declaration that took the unprecedented step of condemning "crimes against humanity and civilization." The declaration warned the members of the Turkish government that they and their "agents" would be held "personally responsible" for the massacres. Generally, though, the Allies were busy trying to win the war. At the same time the Turks were waging their campaign against the Armenian minority, the German army was using poison gas against the Allies in Belgium. In May 1915 the German army had torpedoed the Lusitania passenger liner, killing 1,200 (including 190 Americans). The Germans had also just begun zeppelin attacks against London. The United States, determined to maintain its neutrality in the war, refused to join the Allied declaration. President Woodrow Wilson chose not to pressure either the Turks or their German backers. It was better not to draw attention to the atrocities, lest U.S. public opinion get stirred up and begin demanding U.S. involvement. Because the Turks had not violated the rights of Americans, Wilson did not formally protest. But in Turkey itself America's role as bystander was contested. Henry Morgenthau Sr., a German-born Jew who had come to the United States as a ten-year-old boy and had been appointed ambassador to the Ottoman Empire by President Wilson in 1913, agitated for U.S. diplomatic intervention. In January and February 1915, Morgenthau had begun receiving graphic but fragmentary intelligence from his ten American consuls posted throughout the Ottoman Empire. At first he did not recognize that the atrocities against the Armenians were of a different nature than the wartime violence. He was taken in by Talaat's assurances that uncontrolled elements had simply embarked upon "mob violence" that would soon be contained. In April, when the massacres began in earnest, the Turkish authorities severed Morgenthau's communication with his consuls and censored their letters. Morgenthau was reluctant to file reports back to Washington based on rumors, and the Turks were making it impossible for him to fact-check. Although he was initially incredulous, by July 1915 the ambassador had come around. He had received too many visits from desperate Armenians and trusted missionary sources to remain skeptical. They had sat in his office with tears streaming down their faces, regaling him with terrifying tales. When he compared this testimony to the strikingly similar horrors relayed in the rerouted consular cables, Morgenthau came to an astonishing conclusion. What he called "race murder" was under way. On July 10, 1915, he cabled Washington with a description of the Turkish campaign: Persecution of Armenians assuming unprecedented proportions. Reports from widely scattered districts indicate systematic attempt to uproot peaceful Armenian populations and through arbitrary arrests, terrible tortures, whole-sale expulsions and deportations from one end of the Empire to the other accompanied by frequent instances of rape, pillage, and murder, turning into massacre, to bring destruction and destitution on them. These measures are not in response to popular or fanatical demand but are purely arbitrary and directed from Constantinople in the name of military necessity, often in districts where no military operations are likely to take place. Response Morgenthau was constrained by two background conditions that seemed immutable. First, the Wilson administration was resolved to stay out of World War I. Picking fights with Turkey did not seem a good way to advance that objective. And second, diplomatic protocol demanded that ambassadors act respectfully toward their host governments. U.S. diplomats were expected to stay out of business that did not concern U.S. national interests. "Turkish authorities have definitely informed me that I have no right to interfere with their internal affairs," Morgenthau wrote. Still, he warned Washington, "there seems to be a systematic plan to crush the Armenian race." Local witnesses urged him to invoke the moral power of the United States. Otherwise, he was told, "the whole Armenian nation would disappear." The ambassador did what he could, continuing to send blistering cables back to Washington and raising the matter at virtually every meeting he held with Talaat. He found his exchanges with the interior minister infuriating. Once, when the ambassador introduced eyewitness reports of slaughter, Talaat snapped back: "Why are you so interested in the Armenians anyway? You are a Jew, these people are Christians.... What have you to complain of? Why can't you let us do with these Christians as we please?" Morgenthau replied, "You don't seem to realize that I am not here as a Jew but as the American Ambassador.... I do not appeal to you in the name of any race or religion but merely as a human being." Talaat looked confused. "We treat the Americans all right, too," he said. "I don't see why you should complain." But Morgenthau continued to complain, warning that Talaat and other senior officials would eventually be held responsible before the court of public opinion, particularly in the United States. Talaat had a ready response: "We don't give a rap for the future!" he exclaimed. "We live only in the present!" Talaat believed in collective guilt. It was legitimate to punish all Armenians even if only a few refused to disarm or harbored seditious thoughts. "We have been reproached for making no distinction between the innocent Armenians and the guilty," Talaat told a German reporter. "But that was utterly impossible, in view of the fact that those who were innocent today might be guilty tomorrow." Instead of hiding his achievements, as later perpetrators would do, Talaat boasted of them. According to Morgenthau, he liked to tell friends, "I have accomplished more toward solving the Armenian problem in three months than Abdul Hamid accomplished in thirty years!" (The Turkish sultan Abdul Hamid had killed some 200,000 Armenians in 1895-1896.) Talaat once asked Morgenthau whether the United States could get the New York Life Insurance Company and Equitable Life of New York, which for years had done business with the Armenians, to send a complete list of the Armenian policyholders to the Turkish authorities. "They are practically all dead now and have left no heirs," Talaat said. "The Government is the beneficiary now." Morgenthau was incensed at the request and stormed out of Talaat's office. He again cabled back to Washington, imploring his higher-ups to take heed: I earnestly beg the Department to give this matter urgent and exhaustive consideration with a view to reaching a conclusion which may possibly have the effect of checking [Turkey's] Government and certainly provide opportunity for efficient relief which now is not permitted. It is difficult for me to restrain myself from doing something to stop this attempt to exterminate a race, but I realize that I am here as Ambassador and must abide by the principles of non-interference with the internal affairs of another country. Morgenthau had to remind himself that one of the prerogatives of sovereignty was that states and statesmen could do as they pleased within their own borders. "Technically," he noted to himself, "I had no right to interfere. According to the cold-blooded legalities of the situation, the treatment of Turkish subjects by the Turkish Government was purely a domestic affair; unless it directly affected American lives and American interests, it was outside the concern of the American Government." The ambassador found this maddening. The New York Times gave the Turkish horrors steady coverage, publishing 145 stories in 1915. It helped that Morgenthau and Times publisher Adolph Ochs were old friends. Beginning in March 1915, the paper spoke of Turkish "massacres," "slaughter," and "atrocities" against the Armenians, relaying accounts by missionaries, Red Cross officials, local religious authorities, and survivors of mass executions. "It is safe to say," a correspondent noted in July, "that unless Turkey is beaten to its knees very speedily there will soon be no more Christians in the Ottoman Empire." By July 1915 the paper's headlines had begun crying out about the danger of the Armenians' "extinction" Viscount Bryce, former British ambassador to the United States, pleaded that the United States use its influence with Germany. "If anything can stop the destroying hand of the Turkish Government," Bryce argued, as did the missionaries who had appealed to Morgenthau, "it will be an expression of the opinion of neutral nations, chiefly the judgment of humane America." On October 7, 1915, a Times headline blared, "800,000 ARMENIANS COUNTED DESTROYED." The article reported Bryce's testimony before the House of Lords in which he urged the United States to demonstrate that there were "some crimes which, even now in the convulsion of a great war, the public opinion of the world will not tolerate." By December the paper's headline read, "MILLION ARMENIANS KILLED OR IN EXILE." The number of victims were estimates, as the bodies were impossible to count. Nevertheless, governmental and nongovernmental officials were sure that the atrocities were "unparalleled in modern times" and that the Turks had set out to achieve "nothing more or less than the annihilation of a whole people." (Continues...) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Excerpted from "A PROBLEM FROM HELL" by Samantha Power. Copyright © 2002 by Samantha Power. Excerpted by permission. All rights reserved. No part of this excerpt may be reproduced or reprinted without permission in writing from the publisher. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Copyright 2002 Los Angeles Times

GLENDALE Mayor proclaims 'Week of Remembrance' By Tim Willert GLENDALE CITY HALL -- Mayor Rafi Manoukian proclaimed Sunday through Friday as a "Week of Remembrance" to commemorate "man's acts of inhumanity to man." Manoukian, acting during Tuesday's City Council meeting, also issued a proclamation designating April 24 as "Armenian Genocide Day of Remembrance." The city has planned a week's worth of events, including a panel discussion on man's inhumanity to man from 4 to 6 p.m. Sunday at Glendale Library. The genocide event will take place from 5:30 to 9 p.m. April 24 at the Glendale Civic Auditorium and include speakers, a video program and an art exhibit. A special closing ceremony will be from 6 to 8 p.m. April 26 in Perkins Plaza behind City Hall. Speakers will include Holocaust survivors, a performance by the Character and Ethics Kids, and a candlelight vigil. For more information, call 548-4844. If you want other stories on this topic, search the Archives at latimes.com/archives. For information about reprinting this article, go to www.lats.com/rights.

ARTISTIC EXHIBITION, DEDICATED TO MEMORY OF GENOCIDE VICTIMS, TO BE HELD IN YEREVAN APRIL 17. The exhibition of the famous artist of our time Jeanceme, dedicated to the memory of Armenians' genocide in Ottoman Turkey, will be held from Apr 24 to June 24 in Yerevan Museum of the genocide. As ARMINFO was informed in the Department on public relations of Armenia's Foreign Minister, a cycle of Jeanceme's works, dedicated to the genocide, first was displayed successfully in 2001 in Paris. The artist intends to be present at the opening of the exhibition. He has already expressed readiness to present the Yerevan Museum of genocide with a cycle of his works "Genocide", consisting of 34 linens.

KAREN DEMIRCHIAN'S MURDERERS WILL BE PUNISHED APRIL 17. Armenian Prime Minister Andranik Margarian is sure that the perpetrators of the terrorist act on October 27, 1999, as well as the organizers, will be punished. Talking to ARMINFO, he pointed out that today, on the day of the 70th anniversary of the birthday of the late speaker of the Armenian Parliament Karen Demirchian, the people remember the way passed by independent Armenia, which is connected with his name. His memory gives us strength in solving the country's problem, and although he tragically died, Armenia has the strength to continue the cause of Karen Demirchian and Vazgen Sargssian, who was also fell victim to the terrorists, Margarian said. The Armenian prime minister, Speaker of the Armenian Parliament Armen Khachatrian, Chairman of the Constitutional Court Gagik Harutiunian, the government and Parliament members laid wreathes at the grave of Karen Demirchian at the Pantheon. Head of the Ararat diocese of the Armenian Apostolic Church, Archbishop Navasard Kchoyan offered a service in commemoration of Karen Demirchian.

Artsax ARMY READY TO WARD OFF ANY AGGRESSION http://www.azg.am/IMAGE/200207102.jpg Speaking to an April 15 news conference in Stepanakert, Karabagh defense minister Seyran Ohanian slammed Azerbaijan’s desire to see Turkey as a co-chairman in the OSCE Minsk Group. Ohanian described it as “inadmissible and fraught with the possibility of destabilizing the military and political situation and also with upsetting the established balance of forces in the region of the Nagorno Artsax conflict.” Should Azerbaijan try to resume hostilities in a bid to take control over the lands now supervised by Karabagh armed forces, Karabagh army warding off any attack, the minister said. In a reference to continued warlike calls coming from Baku, particularly, by defense minister Safar Abiyev, Seyran Ohanian said that these announcements are made for domestic use. “Let them come and try to make step into our lands, then they will see that what we have for them. Azerbaijan would have long before waged a war if it had been sure of its strength,” the minister said.

KAREN DEMIRCHIAN WOULD BE 70 TODAY 17.04.2002 http://www.mksduduks.com/Gallery/Panteon/MVC-609F.JPG /PanARMENIAN.Net/ Today former leader of Soviet Armenia Karen Demirchian would be 70. On the eve of his birthday a school in Yerevan Nor-Nork community was named after him. Demirchian headed the central committee of the Communist party in the course of 14 years, and was Chairman of the National Assembly of independent Armenia within the last months of his life. He became a victim of a terrorist act organized October 27, 1999, when five terrorists shot down 8 deputies and members of the country government in the parliament conference hall. Reproduction in full or in part is prohibited without reference to "PanARMENIAN.Net"

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¾ÉÇ ·³ñáõÝ Ï·³, ϵ³óíÇ í³ñ¹Á, êÇñ»Ï³ÝÁ ¿ÉÇ Û³ñÇÝ ÏÙݳ: Î÷áËíÇÝ ï³ñÇùÁ, Ï÷áËíÇ Ù³ñ¹Á, ´ÉµáõÉÇ »ñ·Ý ¿ÉÇ° ë³ñÇÝ ÏÙݳ: àõñÇß µÉµáõÉ Ï·³ ÏÙïÝÇ µ³ÕÁ, àõñÇß ³ßáõÕ Ï³ë» ³ß˳ñÑÇ Ë³ÕÁ, ÆÝã áñ »°ë ã»Ù ³ë» - ݳ° Ï³ë» í³ÕÁ. úñ»ñÁ ÍáõË ÏÁÉÇÝ, ï³ñÇÝ ÏÙݳ: г½³ñ í³ñ¹ ϵ³óíÇ ³ß˳ñÑÇ Ù»çÁ, г½³ñ ³ãù ÏóóíÇ ³ß˳ñÑÇ Ù»çÁ, г½³ñ ëÇñï ÏËáóíÇ ³ß˳ñÑÇ Ù»çÁ - ¾ßËÁ Ïñ³Ï ÏÁÉǪ ³ñÇÝ ÏÙݳ: àõñÇß ëñïÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ ÏѳÉíÇ ËáõÝÏÁ, ε³óíÇ ßáõß³ÝÁ, í³ñ¹»ñÇ ïáõÝÏÁ. ¶á½³ÉÁ ɳó ÏÁÉÇ, ÏÁÝÏÝÇ ³ñóáõÝùÁ - ¶»ñ»½Ù³ÝÇë Ù³ñÙ³ñ ù³ñÇÝ ÏÙݳ: [ April 16, 2002, 12:55 PM: Message edited by: MosJan ]

²è²ìàî ÆÙ ³Ýó³Í ûñ»ñÇ å»ë, Ðݳó³Í ûñ»ñÇ å»ë, ºë ³ñ¹»Ý Ñ»é³ó»É »Ù, Ðݳó»É »Ù »ë. ºë ³ñ¹»Ý Ñݳó»É »Ù, ºë ³ñ¹»Ý ÑÇÙ³ Í»¯ñ »Ù, лé³ó»É áõ ³Ýó»É »Ù - Ì»ñ³ó»É »Ù »ë: ´³Ûó ³Ûë í³é ûñ»ñÇ Ù»ç, ºñµ ÑáÕÙ»ñÝ ³ÕÙÏáõÙ »Ý, ²ÕÙÏáõÙ áõ »ñ·áõÙ ¿ ²Ýó³Í ëÇñïÁ ÇÙ. ºë ϳñÍ»ë ¹»é ç³Ñ»É »Ù, ÆÝÓ Ï³ñÍ»ë ÑÙ³Û»É »Ý, ºí ÇÙ ëÇñïÁ å³Ñ»É ¿ Îñ³ÏÝ»ñÁ ÑÇÝ: - ²Ë, ·Çï»Ù, áñ ³Û¹ ¹á°õ »ë, àñ ³Û¹å»ë ÑÙ³ÛáõÙ »ë, ÐÙ³ÛáõÙ áõ ݳÛáõÙ »ë úñ»ñáõÙ ³Ûë Ñáõñ. ¸áõ ³Ýáõß Ï³ñϳãáõÙ »ë, ¸áõ ϳÝãáÕ ÙÇ ÑÝãÛáõÝ »ë, γñϳãáõÙ áõ ϳÝãáõÙ »ë, â·Çï»Ù, û á±õñ: ºí ÑÇÙ³ »ë ÉëáõÙ »Ù, àñ í»ñçÇÝ »ñ³½áõÙ ÇÙ øá ϳñáïÝ ëÏëáõÙ ¿ ÆÙ Ñá·ÇÝ Ñáõ½»É - ºë ϳñÍ»ë Í»ñ³ó»¯É »Ù, Ì»ñ³ó»É áõ ¹³ñÓ»¯É »Ù àõ Ýáñǯó »ñ³½»É »Ù γñáï³Ýù áõ ë»ñ... [ April 16, 2002, 12:28 PM: Message edited by: MosJan ]

Yerku @enker handipum en yerkar tariner irar chtesneluts heto 1 - ehn inchpes es ? 2 - ehhh enpes eli 1 - inchka chlini te kyak@t lav chi dasavorvel 2 - axper el mi asa - kyanq@s keran - keran -zoqanch- qeni- bajanax 1 - ehh edpes batsasakan mi verabervi kyanqin 2 - ehh - de lav te etqan lava 3 lav ban asa qo kyanqits 1 - axper jan inch asem - #1 zokanch@s mahatsav - #2 Zoqanchs mahatsatsa - #3 Zoqanch@ mahatsats el mnaluya.

#1 Almost every component is external #2 It is small, when typing I press on 2 or 3 buttons #3 It has limited power, I have had more RAM added on it but it’s still not how I like, #4 I get tired and bored of things way too fast Guess it’s the smallest Pc that you can have, if you're on the move, all the time... [ April 16, 2002, 05:40 PM: Message edited by: Sip ]

"sophisticated ... one of their first "PC" was the SONY Picturebook ... I don't know if you have seen it but it's that cute little laptop the size of a small book with a rotating digital camera on top of the lid." i do have one, SONY Vaio PCG-C1X Picturebook i do not liek it i'm gooing to listed on Ebay in a week or so. [ April 16, 2002, 04:08 PM: Message edited by: MosJan ]

Man wh00t your allways 2 steps a had of me thenks for the pics

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ºñ»õ³ÝáõÙ ¹³ë³Ëáë»É ¿ §èáõë³Ï³Ý ³ñ¹Ç åỽdzݦ ÝÛáõÃáí: 1923 - ºñ»õ³ÝÇ ÅáÕáíñ¹³Ï³Ý ѳٳÉë³ñ³ÝÇ áõë³ÝáÕ: Âá߳ϳéáõ áõë³ÝáÕÝ»ñÇ óáõó³ÏáõÙ Ýñ³ ³ÝáõÝÁ 35-ñ¹Ý ¿: 1923 - ÂÇýÉÇëáõÙ ÉáõÛë ¿ ï»ëÝáõÙ §Î³åϳ½¦ óٳ߳Ý: ÜϳñÇ㪠γñá гɳµÛ³Ý: 1923 - Ω äáÉëáõÙ ÉáõÛë ¿ ï»ëÝáõÙ §äá»ÙÝ»ñ¦ ÅáÕáí³ÍáõÝ: ÊÙµ³·Çñª äáÕáë سÏÇÝóÛ³Ý: 1923 - §Üáñù¦ ѳݹ»ëáõÙ (ÃÇí 3) ïå³·ñíáõÙ ¿ Ø© ²µ»ÕÛ³ÝÇ §î³Õ³ã³÷áõÃÛ³Ý ½³ñ·³óáõÙÁ â³ñ»ÝóÇ »õ áõñÇßÝ»ñÇ µ³Ý³ëï»ÕÍáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ Ù»ç¦ Ñá¹í³ÍÁ: 1924« Ù³ÛÇë - º© â³ñ»ÝóÇ« Ω гɳµÛ³ÝÇ »õ Ø© س½Ù³ÝÛ³ÝÇ Ñ³Ù³·áñͳùóáõÃÛ³Ùµ ØáëÏí³ÛáõÙ ÉáõÛë ¿ ï»ëÝáõÙ §Standard¦ ѳݹ»ëÇ ÙÇ³Ï Ñ³Ù³ñÁ »õ ²© ØÛ³ëÝÇÏÛ³ÝÇ Ñáñ¹áñáí áãÝã³óíáõÙ: гݹ»ëÁ ß³ñáõݳÏáõÙ »õ Ýáñ å³ÛÙ³ÝÝ»ñáõÙ ÷áñÓáõÙ ¿ñ Çñ³Ï³Ý³óÝ»É §ºñ»ùǦ ¹»Ïɳñ³ódzÛÇ ÑÇÙݳ¹ñáõÛÃÝ»ñÁ: 1924« 9 ë»åï»Ùµ»ñ - èÎ(µ)Î ³Ý¹ñ»ñÏñÏáÙÇ ù³ñïáõÕ³ñáõÃÛ³Ý ÝÇëïáõÙ (ù³ñïáõÕ³ñª ØÛ³ëÝÇÏÛ³Ý) áñáßíáõÙ ¿ â³ñ»ÝóÇÝ ·áñÍáõÕ»É ³ñï³ë³ÑÙ³Ý »õ ѳïϳóÝ»É ³ÝÑñ³Å»ßï ÙÇçáóÝ»ñ: 1924« 21 ÝáÛ»Ùµ»ñ - ´³ÃáõÙÇó Ù»ÏÝáõÙ ¿ ³ñï³ë³ÑÙ³ÝÛ³Ý ßñç³·³ÛáõÃÛ³Ý: ÈÇÝáõÙ ¿ îñ³åǽáÝáõÙ« Îáëï³Ý¹ÝáõåáÉëáõÙ« ²Ã»ÝùáõÙ« ÐéáÙáõÙ« ì»Ý»ïÇÏáõÙ« ö³ñǽáõÙ« ´»éÉÇÝáõÙ: 1925é ÑáõÉÇëÇ 31-ÇÝ ³ñï³ë³ÑÙ³ÝÇó í»ñ³¹³éÝáõÙ ¿ ºñ»õ³Ý: àõÕ»õáñáõÃÛ³Ý ÁÝóóùáõÙ ·ñ»É ¿ §È»ÝÇÝÝ áõ ²ÉÇݦ (îñ³åǽáÝ)« §êï³Ùµáɦ (Ω äáÉÇë), §äá»Ù Ñ»ñáë³Ï³Ý¦ (ÐéáÙ)« §ÎáÙáõݳñÝ»ñÇ å³ïÁ ö³ñǽáõÙ¦ (´»éÉÇÝ) åá»ÙÝ»ñÁ« §¸»åÇ êï³Ùµáɦ (´³ÃáõÙ-Ω äáÉÇë)« §´»É·Ç³ - ÈǻŦ (ö³ñǽ« ´»éÉÇÝ) µ³Ý³ëï»ÕÍáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ: 1924 - ØáëÏí³ÛáõÙ ÉáõÛë ¿ ï»ëÝáõÙ §ÎáÙ³Éٳݳ˦ ÅáÕáí³ÍáõÝ: 1924 - ºñ»õ³ÝáõÙ ÉáõÛë ¿ ï»ëÝáõÙ §Ø³×Ï³É ê³ùáÛÇ å³ïÙáõÃÛáõÝÁ¦ åá»ÙÁ: 1924 - â³ñ»ÝóÇ ËÙµ³·ñáõÃÛ³Ùµ ºñ»õ³ÝáõÙ ÉáõÛë ¿ ï»ëÝáõÙ §ÎáñãÇ° å³ï»ñ³½ÙÁ¦ ·ñ³Ï³Ý - ·»Õ³ñí»ëï³Ï³Ý ÅáÕáí³ÍáõÝ: 1924 - ì»Ý»ïÇÏáõÙ ÉáõÛë ¿ ï»ëÝáõÙ êÇÙáÝ Ð³ÏáµÛ³ÝÇ §ºÕÇß» â³ñ»Ýó¦ ٻݳ·ñáõÃÛáõÝÁª ³é³çÇÝ Éáõñç áõëáõÙݳëÇñáõÃÛáõÝÁ â³ñ»ÝóÇ ëï»Õͳ·áñÍáõÃÛ³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ: ØÇÝã ³Û¹ Ù³ÙáõÉáõÙ ïå³·ñí»É ¿ÇÝ Ñá¹í³ÍÝ»ñ »õ ·ñ³ËáëáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ: 1925« 17 ÑáõÉÇë - ²ñï³ëѳٳÝáõÙ »Õ³Í Å³Ù³Ý³Ï ÁÝïñíáõÙ ¿ §ÐáÏï»Ùµ»ñ¦ (³ÛÝáõÑ»ï»õ í»ñ³Ýí³Ýí»É ¿ §ÜáÛ»Ùµ»ñ¦) ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛ³Ý å³ïí³íáñ ݳ˳·³Ñ: 1925« 13 ë»åï»Ùµ»ñ - §ÊáñÑñ¹³ÛÇÝ Ð³Û³ëï³Ý¦ ûñ³Ã»ñÃáõÙ ÉáõÛë ¿ ï»ëÝáõÙ â³ñ»ÝóÇ ·É˳íáñ³Í §ÜáÛ»Ùµ»ñ¦ ÙÇáõÃÛ³Ý ¹»Ïɳñ³ódzݫ áñÁ µ³óÇ Ýñ³ÝÇó« ëïáñ³·ñ»É ¿ÇÝ Ý³»õ ¶© سѳñÇÝ« Ø© ²ñÙ»ÝÁ« ì© Üáñ»ÝóÁ« ¶© ê³ñÛ³ÝÁ« ê© î³ñáÝóÇÝ »õ áõñÇßÝ»ñ: ê»åï»Ùµ»ñÇ 27-ÇÝ ºñ»õ³ÝáõÙ µ³óíáõÙ ¿ §ÜáÛ»Ùµ»ñ¦ ÙÇáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³Ù³Ñ³Û³ëï³ÝÛ³Ý ÅáÕáíÁ« áñÁ ùÝݳñÏáõÙ ¿ ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåã³Ï³Ý ѳñó»ñ: §ÜáÛ»Ùµ»ñ¦ ÙÇáõÃÛáõÝÁ 1925é ÝáÛ»Ùµ»ñÇ 6-ÇÝ Ññ³ï³ñ³ÏáõÙ ¿ §ÜáÛ»Ùµ»ñ¦ Ù»ÏûñÛ³ ûñÃÁ« áñÇ Ù»ç ÝÛáõûñ áõÝÇ Ý³»õ â³ñ»ÝóÁ: 1926é ¹»Ïï»Ùµ»ñÇ 6-ÇÝ Ïáõë³Ïó³Ï³Ý å³ñï³¹ñ³Ýùáí §ÜáÛ»Ùµ»ñÁ¦ ÙdzíáñíáõÙ ¿ г۳ëï³ÝÇ åñáÉ»ï³ñ³Ï³Ý ·ñáÕÝ»ñÇ ³ëáódzódzÛÇ Ñ»ïª ëï»ÕÍíáõÙ ¿ ÊáñÑñ¹³ÛÇÝ Ð³Û³ëï³ÝÇ åñáÉ»ï³ñ³Ï³Ý ·ñáÕÝ»ñÇ ÙÇáõÃÛáõÝÁ: 1926 - ºñ»õ³ÝáõÙ ÉáõÛë ¿ ï»ëÝáõÙ §ºñÏÇñ ܳÇñǦ í»åÁ: ¶ñ»É ¿ 1921-1924 Ãé« ØáëÏí³ÛáõÙ »õ ºñ»õ³ÝáõÙ: ¶ñ»ÉáõÝ ½áõ·ÁÝóó ïå³·ñ»É ¿ §Üáñù¦ ѳݹ»ëáõÙ (1922« 1923« 1925): 1926-ÇÝ §ºñÏÇñ ܳÇñÇݦ Ø© Þ³ÑÇÝÛ³ÝÇ ³é³ç³µ³Ýáí éáõë»ñ»Ý ÉáõÛë ¿ ï»ëÝáõ٠ݳ»õ ØáëÏí³ÛáõÙ (óñ·Ù³ÝÇ㪠гÏᵠʳã³ïñÛ³Ý): 1926 - ºñ»õ³ÝáõÙ ÉáõÛë ¿ ï»ëÝáõÙ ¶© ì³Ý³Ý¹»óáõ §Ø³ñïÇñáë ê³ñ۳ݦ« ºÕÇß» â³ñ»Ýó¦ ·ÇñùÁ: 1926« 5 ë»åï»Ùµ»ñ - ºñ»õ³ÝáõÙ ³ïñ׳ݳÏÇ Ïñ³Ïáóáí ûûõ íݳëí³Íù ¿ å³ï׳éáõ٠سñdzݳ ²Ûí³½Û³ÝÇÝ« áñÇÝ ëÇñ³Ñ³ñí³Í ¿ñ: â³ñ»ÝóÇ ¹»Ù ѳñáõóíáõÙ ¿ ùñ»³Ï³Ý ·áñÍ: ÜáÛ»Ùµ»ñÇ 9-Ç ¹³ï³Ï³Ý ÝÇëïáõÙ ¹³ï³å³ñïíáõÙ ¿ 8 ï³ñí³ ³½³ï³½ñÏÙ³Ý (ËÇëï Ù»Ïáõë³óáõÙáí): ÜáõÛÝ ÝÇëïáõÙ å³ïųã³÷Á Ù»ÕÙ³óíáõÙ ¿ª ¹³ñÓíáõÙ ¿ 3 ï³ñÇ (³é³Ýó ËÇëï Ù»Ïáõë³óÙ³Ý »õ Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ ë³Ñٳݳ÷³ÏÙ³Ý): ä³ïÇÅÁ ÏñáõÙ ¿ ºñ»õ³ÝÇ µ³ÝïáõÙª §àõÕÕÇã ï³ÝÁ¦: ²Ûë ÁÝóóùáõÙ ÏÝáç íÇ׳ÏÇ í³ï³óÙ³Ý »õ Ù³Ñí³Ý ϳå³ÏóáõÃÛ³Ùµ Ýñ³Ý ïñí»É ¿ 7 ûñ ³ñÓ³Ïáõñ¹« ÇëÏ ¹ñ³ÝÇó Ñ»ïá ³ÝÝå³ï³Ï³Ñ³ñÙ³ñ ¿ ѳٳñí»É Ñá·»Ï³Ý Í³Ýñ ¹ñáõÃÛ³Ý Ù»ç Ýñ³Ý ϳɳÝùÇ ï³Ï å³Ñ»ÉÁ: 1927é ÑáõÝí³ñÇ 8-ÇÝ áñáßíáõÙ ¿ ϳɳÝùÁ ÷á˳ñÇÝ»É §Ñ³ñϳ¹Çñ µÅßÏáõÃÛ³Ùµª áõÕ³ñÏ»Éáí Ýñ³Ý ë³Ý³ïáñdzݻñÇó Ù»ÏÁ¦: 1927« ÑáõÝí³ñÇ 1-2-Ç ·Çß»ñ - ²ñï³³ñ·³Ý¹³ÛÇÝ ÑÕÇáõÃÛáõÝ ³Ëïáñáßٳٵ ºñ»õ³ÝÇ 1-ÇÝ ÑÇí³Ý¹³ÝáóáõÙ í³Ë׳ÝíáõÙ ¿ ÏÇÝÁª ²ñ÷»ÝÇÏ î»ñ-²ëïí³Í³ïñÛ³ÝÁ: â³ñ»ÝóÁ ß³ï ͳÝñ ¿ ï³ñ»É ÏÝáç Ù³ÑÁ: Üñ³ ÑÇß³ï³ÏÇÝ »Ý ÝíÇñí³Í ÓáÝí³Í §¾åÇÏ³Ï³Ý Éáõë³µ³ó¦ ÅáÕáí³ÍáõÝ« §Ü³í½ÇÏ»¦ åá»ÙÁ« ³ÛÉ µ³Ý³ëï»ÕÍáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ: 1927 - ÂÇýÉÇëáõÙ ÉáõÛë »Ý ï»ëÝáõÙ §èáõµ³Û³Ã¦« §ÄáÕáí³Íáõ åá»ÙÝ»ñǦ« §ÐÇßáÕáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ ºñ»õ³ÝÇ áõÕÕÇã ïÝÇó¦ ·ñù»ñÁ: 1928« 1 ÑáõÉÇë - ²ß˳ï³ÝùÇ ¿ ³ÝóÝáõ٠гÛå»ïÑñ³ïÇ ·»Õ³ñí»ëï³Ï³Ý »Ýóµ³ÅÝáõÙ áñå»ë í³ñÇã: 1930é ÑáõÝÇëÇ 1-ÇÝ Ï³½Ù³íáñíáõÙ ¿ ·»Õ³ñí»ëï³Ï³Ý µ³ÅÇÝ« áñÇ í³ñÇã ¿ Ý߳ݳÏíáõ٠ݳ: 1934é ³åñÇÉÇ 1-ÇÝ Ý߳ݳÏíáõÙ ¿ ¹³ë³Ï³ÝÝ»ñÇ Ññ³ï³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý å³ï³ë˳ݳïáõ ËÙµ³·Çñ »õ ³Û¹ å³ßïáÝÇó ³½³ïíáõÙ ¿ 1935-Ç Ù³ñïÇ 8-ÇÝ: ÜáõÛÝ ûñÝ ¿É г۳ëï³ÝÇ ·ñáÕÝ»ñÇ ÙÇáõÃÛáõÝ ¿ ¹ÇÙáõÙ §Ð³Ûï³ñ³ñáõÃÛ³Ùµ¦ »õ å³Ñ³ÝçáõÙ Çñ»Ý ³½³ï»É ÙÇáõÃÛ³Ý ß³ñù»ñÇó: 1928« ÝáÛ»Ùµ»ñ-¹»Ïï»Ùµ»ñ - ¶ñáõÙ ¿ §ÊÙµ³å»ï Þ³í³ñßÁ (ØÇ Ñ³ïí³Í §²åëï³ÙµáõÃÛáõݦ ã³÷³Íá í»åÇ ³é³çÇÝ ·ÉËÇó)¦ åá»ÙÁ: ÈáõÛë ¿ ï»ëÝáõÙ §Üáñ áõÕǦ ³Ùë³·ñáõÙ (1929« ÃÇí 1): 1928 - γ½ÙáõÙ ¿ §¶ñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ¹³ëÁÝÃ³ó¦ ¹³ë³·ÇñùÁ: 1928-1933 Ãé ϳ½Ù»É »õ ÉáõÛë ¿ ÁÝͳ»É 14 ³ÝáõÝ ¹åñáó³Ï³Ý ¹³ë³·Çñù »õ ùñ»ëïáÙ³ïdz: ÆëÏ 1936-ÇÝ Ù³ëݳÏó»É ¿ ѳÛáó É»½íÇ »õ ·ñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý Íñ³·ñ»ñÇ Ï³½ÙÙ³Ý ³ß˳ï³ÝùÝ»ñÇÝ: 1929 - ØáëÏí³ÛáõÙ ÉáõÛë ¿ ï»ëÝáõÙ §âáñë µ³Éɳ¹¦ ÅáÕáí³ÍáõÝ: 1929 - ØáëÏí³ÛÇ ù³Õ³ù³ÛÇÝ 2-ñ¹ ÑÇí³Ý¹³ÝáóáõÙ »ñÇϳÙÇ íÇñ³Ñ³ïáõÃÛáõÝÇó Ñ»ïá (ù³ñÇ Ñ»é³óáõÙ) ëÏëáõÙ »õ ÙÇÝã»õ ÏÛ³ÝùÇ í»ñçÁ ß³ñáõݳÏáõÙ ¿ û·ï³·áñÍ»É ÃÙñ³¹»Õ»ñ: 1930 - ºñ»õ³ÝáõÙ ÉáõÛë ¿ ï»ëÝáõÙ §¾åÇù³Ï³Ý Éáõë³µ³ó¦ ÅáÕáí³ÍáõÝ: ö»ïñí³ñÇ 2-ÇÝ ·ñáÕÝ»ñÇ ï³ÝÁ ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåíáõÙ ¿ ·ñùÇ ùÝݳñÏáõÙÁ: ¼»ÏáõóáõÙ ¿ Щ ¶ÛáõÉÇù»íËÛ³ÝÁ: 1931« 19-21 ÷»ïñí³ñ - ÈáõëÅáÕÏáÙ³ïÇ Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñå³Í åỽdzÛÇ Ñ³ñó»ñÇÝ ÝíÇñí³Í ³ëáõÉÇëáõÙ ¹³ë³ËáëáõÙ ¿ §Ü»ñϳ åñáÉ»ï³ñ³Ï³Ý ·ñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ÑÇÙÝ³Ï³Ý ï»Ý¹»ÝóÝ»ñÁ¦ ÝÛáõÃáí: 1931« Ù³ñï - Ü»ñ·ñ³ííáõÙ ¿ г۳ëï³ÝÇ åñáÉ»ï³ñ³Ï³Ý ·ñáÕÝ»ñÇ ³ëáódzódzÛÇ« ÇëÏ ÝáÛ»Ùµ»ñÇݪ ²Ý¹ñÏáíϳëÛ³Ý åñáÉ»ï³ñ³Ï³Ý ·ñáÕÝ»ñÇ í³ñãáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ Ï³½ÙáõÙ: 1931« 3 û·áëïáë - Ð¶Ø ù³ñïáõÕ³ñáõÃÛ³Ý áñáßٳٵ ·ñáÕÝ»ñÁ ÏóíáõÙ »Ý ³ñï³¹ñ³Ï³Ý Ó»éݳñÏáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ: â³ñ»ÝóÁ ÏóíáõÙ ¿ ºñ»õ³ÝÇ Í˳ËáïÇ ·áñͳñ³ÝÇÝ: 1931« 29 ë»åï»Ùµ»ñ - ²ÙáõëݳÝáõÙ ¿ ƽ³µ»É³ Üdz½áí³ÛÇ Ñ»ï (ÍÝí© 1909é)« áñÁ ØáëÏí³ÛáõÙ ³í³ñï»É ¿ñ 7-³ÙÛ³ ¹åñáó: ÌÝáÕÝ»ñÁ ´³ùáõ ¿ÇÝ ï»Õ³÷áËí»É Þ³Ù³ËÇÇó: ƽ³µ»É³ÛÇó â³ñ»ÝóÝ áõÝ»ÝáõÙ ¿ »ñÏáõ ¹áõëïñª ²ñ÷ÇÏ (1932é) »õ ²Ý³ÑÇï (1935é): سѳó»É ¿ 1969-ÇÝ ºñ»õ³ÝáõÙ: 1932« 17 ÷»ïñí³ñ - ¸ÇÙáõÙ ¿ λÝïÏáÙ »õ ³é³ñÏáõÙ ³ÛÝ áñáßÙ³Ý ¹»Ù« áñáí ÙÇ ù³ÝÇ ·ñáÕÝ»ñÇ« ݳ»õ Çñ»Ý« Ù»Ï ï³ñáí ³½³ïáõÙ »Ý ½µ³Õ»óñ³Í å³ßïáÝÇó« ÝÛáõóå»ë ³å³ÑáíáõÙ« áñå»ë½Ç ÝíÇñí»Ý ·ñ³Ï³Ý ³ß˳ï³ÝùÇ: ²Û¹ ϳå³ÏóáõÃÛ³Ùµ ·ñáõÙ ¿© §ºë ÇÝÓ ã»Ù å³ïÏ»ñ³óÝáõÙ« û ÇÝãå»ë ϳñ»ÉÇ ¿ Ùdzݷ³Ù³ÛÝ Ïïñí»É åñ³ÏïÇÏ ³ß˳ï³ÝùÇó »õ ½µ³Õí»É ëï»Õͳ·áñÍáõÃÛ³Ùµ: ä»ïÑñ³ïÇ ³ß˳ï³ÝùÁ ÙÇ³Ï åñ³ÏïÇÏ ³ëå³ñ»½Ý ¿« áñÇÝ Ï³åí³Í »Ù »ë«- ÇÝÓ Ñ³Ù³ñ ÙÇ ã³÷³½³Ýó Ñ»ï³ùñùÇñ ³ëå³ñ»½« áñÇ Ù»ç ϳï³ñ³Í ÇÙ ³ß˳ï³ÝùÁ« ϳñÍáõÙ »Ù íݳë³Ï³ñ ã¿ áã ÇÝÓ« áã ¿É å»ïÑñ³ïÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ¦: 1932« ÷»ïñí³ñ - §Üáñ áõÕǦ ³Ùë³·ñáõÙ (ÃÇí 2) ïå³·ñíáõÙ ¿ гñáõÃÛáõÝ ØÏñïãÛ³ÝÇ (øëå») §ÊáñÑñ¹³ÛÇÝ Ð³Û³ëï³ÝÇ åỽdzݦ Ñá¹í³ÍÁ« áñÇ Ù»ç â³ñ»ÝóÇ §¾åÇù³Ï³Ý Éáõë³µ³ó¦ ÅáÕáí³ÍáõÇ Ï³å³ÏóáõÃÛ³Ùµ û·ï³·áñÍí»É »Ý §Ç¹»áÉá·Ç³Ï³Ý ë˳ÉÝ»ñ¦« §Ç¹»³ÉÇëï³Ï³Ý »ñÏíáõÃÛáõݦ« §Í³Ûñ³Ñ»Õ ÇݹÇíǹáõ³ÉÇë嶺 §ëáõµÛ»ÏïÇí ǹ»³ÉÇë嶺 §â³ñ»ÝóÁ ë³Ûóù»É ¿¦« §Ø»ñ åá»½Ç³Ý å»ïù ¿ ÁÝóݳ ïñ³Ù³·Íáñ»Ý ѳϳé³Ï áõÕÇáí¦ ³ñï³Ñ³ÛïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ: ²Ûë Ñá¹í³ÍÇ Ñ»ÕÇݳÏÇÝ â³ñ»ÝóÁ µ³½ÙÇóë ˳ñ³½³Ý»ó Çñ ¿åÇ·ñ³ÙÝ»ñáõÙ: 1932« Ù³ñï - §¶ñ³Ï³Ý ûñÃáõÙ¦ (ÃÇí 2) ïå³·ñíáõÙ ¿ Ü© ¼³ñÛ³ÝÇ §´³ó Ý³Ù³Ï ºÕÇß» â³ñ»ÝóÇݦ ÝÛáõÃÁ« áñÇ Ù»ç ·ñáõÙ ¿© §¾åÇù³Ï³ÏÝ Éáõë³µ³óáõÙ¦ ©©© ¹áõ ³í»ÉÇ »ë ݳѳÝçáõÙ ¹»åÇ ÇݹÇíǹáõ³ÉǽÙÇ ÇÝùݳѳݷëï³óáõóÇã ѳݷñí³ÝÁ: ©©© ÐÇÙݳϳÝáõÙ ëË³É »ë ÉáõÍáõÙ ÏɳëÇÏÝ»ñÇÝ û·ï³·áñÍ»Éáõ ѳñóÁ: ©©© øá ݳѳÝçÇ »õ ÉéáõÃÛ³Ý å³ï׳éÝ ³ÛÝ ¿©©© áñ ¹áõ©©© Ù³ëë³Ý»ñÇ Ñ»ï ÃáõÛÉ »ë ϳåí³Í©©©¦: 1932« 23 ³åñÇÉ - гÙÎ(µ)ΠλÝïÏáÙÁ áñáßáõÙ ¿ ÁݹáõÝáõÙ §¶ñ³Ï³Ý-·»Õ³ñí»ëï³Ï³Ý ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ í»ñ³Ï³éáõóÙ³Ý Ù³ëÇݦ: سÛÇëÇ 9-ÇÝ ÐÎ(µ)ΠλÝïÏáÙÁ ÁݹáõÝáõÙ ¿ ѳٳÝÙ³Ý áñáßáõÙª §Ð³Û³ëï³ÝÇ ·ñ³Ï³Ý-·»Õ³ñí»ëï³Ï³Ý ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ í»ñ³Ï³éáõóÙ³Ý Ù³ëÇݦ: â³ñ»ÝóÝ Áݹ·ñÏíáõÙ ¿ жØ-Ç í»ñ³Ï³éáõóÙ³Ý Ýå³ï³Ïáí ëï»ÕÍí³Í ѳÝÓݳËÙµÇ Ï³½ÙáõÙ: 1932« 4 ¹»Ïï»Ùµ»ñ - â³ñ»ÝóÇ ·ñ³Ï³Ý ·áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛ³Ý 20-³ÙÛ³ Ñáµ»ÉÛ³ÝÁ Ýß»Éáõ Ýå³ï³Ïáí ·ñáÕÝ»ñÇ ÙÇáõÃÛáõÝáõÙ ëï»ÕÍíáõÙ ¿ ѳÝÓݳÅáÕáíª ´³ÏáõÝó« سѳñÇ« ²ñٻݫ ²É³½³Ý« ¸³µ³ÕÛ³Ý: ê³Ï³ÛÝ Ñáµ»ÉÛ³ÝÁ ãÇ ÝßíáõÙ: 20-³ÙÛ³ÏÇ Ï³å³ÏóáõÃÛ³Ùµ ÉáõÛë ¿ ï»ëÝáõÙ §ºñÏ»ñ¦ ٻͳ¹Çñ ѳïáñÁ« áñÝ ÇÙÇ ¿ µ»ñáõÙ Ýñ³ É³í³·áõÛÝ ¿ç»ñÁ: 1932 - ºñ»õ³ÝáõÙ ÉáõÛë ¿ ï»ëÝáõÙ §ÐáÏï»Ùµ»ñ-ÜáÛ»Ùµ»ñ¦ ï³ñ»·ÇñùÁª ÝíÇñí³Í ·ñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³ÝÁ« ³ñí»ëïÇÝ« ·ÇïáõÃÛ³ÝÁ »õ ÅáÕáíñ¹³Ï³Ý ïÝï»ëáõÃÛ³ÝÁ:: ¶ñùÇ å³ï³ë˳ݳïáõ ËÙµ³·ÇñÁ â³ñ»ÝóÝ ¿ñ: î»ËÝÇÏ³Ï³Ý ËÙµ³·ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ ³ñ»É ¿ÇÝ â³ñ»ÝóÁ »õ î© Ê³ãí³ÝùÛ³ÝÁ« Ó»õ³íáñ»É ¿ñ Щ ÎáçáÛ³ÝÁ: ÊÙµ³·ñáõÃÛ³Ý Ï³½ÙáõÙ »Ý â³ñ»ÝóÁ« ´³ÏáõÝóÁ »õ ºÕdz âáõµ³ñÁ: ¶ñùáõÙ ½»ï»Õí³Í ¿ ݳ»õ â³ñ»ÝóÇ Ï»Ýë³·ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ áõ §¶áíù ˳ÕáÕÇ« ·ÇÝáõ »õ ·»Õ»óÇÏ ¹åñáõÃ۳ݦ åá»ÙÁ: 1933« 21 ³åñÇÉ - 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ÙÇáõÃÛáõÝÇó ¹áõñë¦: 1934« ÑáõÉÇëÇ í»ñç - ºñ»õ³ÝáõÙ 5000 ûñÇÝ³Ï ïå³ù³Ý³Ïáí ÉáõÛë ¿ ï»ëÝáõÙ §¶Çñù ׳ݳå³ñÑǦ ÅáÕáí³ÍáõÝ: ÜϳñÇã-Ó»õ³íáñáÕª гÏáµ ÎáçáÛ³Ý: ¶ÇñùÁ å»ïù ¿ ÉáõÛë ï»ëÝ»ñ 1933-ÇÝ: ´³Ûó ³ÛÝ ¹³ñÓ»É ¿ñ µ³Ýë³ñÏáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ³é³ñϳ »õ λÝïÏáÙÇ Ï³ñ·³¹ñáõÃÛ³Ùµ ϳɳÝí»É: â³ñ»ÝóÝ ëïÇåí³Í ·ñùÇó ѳÝáõÙ ¿ §²ùÇÉÉ»±ë« û± äÛ»ñᦠåá»ÙÁ »õ ¹ñ³ ÷á˳ñ»Ý ³í»É³óÝáõÙ §²ñí»ëï ù»ñÃáõÃ۳ݦ »õ §¶Çñù ÇÙ³óáõÃ۳ݦ µ³ÅÇÝÝ»ñÁ: 1934« 1-5 û·áëïáë - ºñ»õ³ÝÇ ÏáõÉïáõñ³ÛÇ ï³ÝÁ Ññ³íÇñíáõÙ ¿ г۳ëï³ÝÇ ·ñáÕÝ»ñÇ ³é³çÇÝ Ñ³Ù³·áõÙ³ñÁ: 7-ñ¹ ÝÇëïáõÙ« û·áëïáëÇ 5-Ç »ñ»ÏáÛ³Ý »ÉáõÛà ¿ áõÝ»ÝáõÙ â³ñ»ÝóÁ: ܳ ÁÝïñíáõÙ ¿ Ð¶Ø í³ñãáõÃÛ³Ý »õ ÊêÐØ ·ñáÕÝ»ñÇ Ñ³Ù³·áõÙ³ñÇ å³ïíÇñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý Ï³½ÙáõÙ: 1934« û·áëïáëÇ ëÏǽµ - ºñ»õ³ÝáõÙ â³ñ»ÝóÇ Ã³ñ·Ù³ÝáõÃÛ³Ùµ ÉáõÛë ¿ ï»ëÝáõÙ Ø© ¶áñÏáõ §´³Ý³ëï»ÕÍáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ »õ É»·»Ý¹Ý»ñ¦ ·ÇñùÁ« áñÁ ݳ˳ï»ëí³Í ¿ñ ËáñÑñ¹³ÛÇÝ ·ñáÕÝ»ñÇ ³é³çÇÝ Ñ³Ù³·áõÙ³ñÇ å³ï·³Ù³íáñÝ»ñÇÝ ÝíÇñ»Éáõ ѳٳñ: 1934« 17 û·áëïáëÇ - 1 ë»åï»Ùµ»ñ - î»ÕÇ ¿ áõÝ»ÝáõÙ ÊêÐØ ·ñáÕÝ»ñÇ ³é³çÇÝ Ñ³Ù³·áõÙ³ñÁ: ú·áëïáëÇ 29-ÇÝ« ѳٳ·áõÙ³ñÇ 20-ñ¹ ÝÇëïáõÙ »ÉáõÛà ¿ áõÝ»ÝáõÙ â³ñ»ÝóÁ: Üñ³ »ÉáõÛÃÁ ųٳݳÏÇÝ ïå³·ñí»É ¿ §Ð³ÝáõÝ ëÇÝûïÇÏ ³ñí»ëïǦ í»ñݳ·ñáí: 1934 - â³ñ»ÝóÇ ËÙµ³·ñáõÃÛ³Ùµ ÉáõÛë ¿ ï»ëÝáõÙ Ø© ػͳñ»ÝóÇ §ºñÏ»ñÇ Édzϳï³ñ ÅáÕáí³Íáõ¦ ßù»Õ ѳïáñÁ: 1934 - â³ñ»ÝóÇ ËÙµ³·ñáõÃÛ³Ùµ ÉáõÛë »Ý ï»ëÝáõÙ æ© êíÇýïÇ §¶áõÉÇí»ñÇ ×³Ý³å³ñÑáñ¹áõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ¦ (óñ·Ù³ÝÇ㪠γñ»Ý ØÇù³Û»ÉÛ³Ý)« üÇñ¹áõëáõ §èáõëï³Ù »õ êáÑñ³µ¦ (óñ·Ù³ÝÇ㪠¶»õáñ· ²ë³ïáõñ) ·ñù»ñÁ: ÊÙµ³·ñáõÙ ¿ Þ»ùëåÇñÇ §²ñù³ ÈÇñǦ Щ سë»ÑÛ³ÝÇ Ã³ñ·Ù³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ: 1934-Çó - سëݳÏóáõÙ ¿ §²ÝÃáÉá·Ç³ Ñ³Û åỽdzÛǦ ·ñùÇ ëï»ÕÍÙ³Ý ³ß˳ï³ÝùÝ»ñÇÝ: г۳ëï³ÝÇ ËáñÑñ¹³ÛݳóÙ³Ý 15-³ÙÛ³ÏÇ »õ µñÛáõëáíÛ³Ý Ññ³ï³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý 20-³ÙÛ³ÏÇ Ï³å³ÏóáõÃÛ³Ùµ ³Ûë Ýáñ ·ÇñùÁ åÇïÇ ·³ñ ß³ñáõݳϻÉáõ ëÏëí³Í ·áñÍÁ: ¶ÇñùÁ ÉÇÝ»Éáõ ¿ñ ´ñÛáõëáíÇ ÅáÕáí³ÍáõÇ Éñ³óí³Í áõ í»ñ³÷áËí³Í Ññ³ï³ñ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝÁ« áñÇ ËÙµ³·ÇñÁ å»ïù ¿ ÉÇÝ»ñ ¶áñÏÇÝ: â³ñ»ÝóÇÝ Ñ³ÝÓݳñ³ñíáõÙ ¿ ·ñùÇ ÙÇçݳ¹³ñÛ³Ý »õ ÅáÕáíñ¹³Ï³Ý åỽdzÛÇ µ³ÅÝÇ ³ß˳ï³ÝùÝ»ñÇ Õ»Ï³í³ñáõÃÛáõÝÁ: ê³Ï³ÛÝ Ý³ ·ñùÇ ëï»ÕÍÙ³Ý ³ß˳ï³ÝùÝ»ñÇÝ µ³½Ù³ÏáÕÙ³ÝÇ Ù³ëݳÏóáõÃÛáõÝ ¿ µ»ñáõÙ: §²ÝÃáÉá·Ç³Ý¦ ÉáõÛë ¿ ï»ëÝáõÙ 1940-ÇÝ« ØáëÏí³ÛáõÙ: â³ñ»ÝóÇ ³ÝáõÝÁ áã ÙÇ ï»Õ ÑÇß³ï³Ïí³Í ã¿: 1934« 30 ¹»Ïï»Ùµ»ñ - гݹÇåáõÙ ¿ ºñ»õ³ÝÇ å»ï³Ï³Ý ѳٳÉë³ñ³ÝÇ áõë³ÝáÕáõÃÛ³Ý »õ ¹³ë³Ëáë³Ï³Ý ϳ½ÙÇ Ñ»ï: È»÷-É»óáõÝ ¹³ÑÉÇ×áõÙ Ýñ³Ý ¹ÇÙ³íáñáõÙ »Ý ÑáïÝϳÛë »õ ˳ݹ³í³é ͳ÷»ñáí: Üëï»Éáõ ï»Õ ãÉÇÝ»Éáõ å³ï׳éáí ѳݹÇë³Ï³ÝÝ»ñÇ ÙÇ Ù³ëÁ ËéÝíáõÙ ¿ ÙÇç³ÝóùáõÙ: Ü»ñ³Í³Ï³Ý Ëáëù ¿ ³ëáõÙ ê© Ð³ñáõÃÛáõÝÛ³ÝÁ« ½»ÏáõóáõÙ ¿ è© ¼³ñÛ³ÝÁ« »ÉáõÛà »Ý áõÝ»ÝáõÙ ê© Ð³ÏáµÛ³ÝÁ »õ ²ØÜ-Çó Å³Ù³Ý³Í ä© ê»ÉÛ³ÝÁ: ²ëÙáõÝùáí ѳݹ»ë ¿ ·³ÉÇë ²© àëϳÝÛ³ÝÁ: ºÉáõÛà ¿ áõÝ»Ýáõ٠ݳ»õ â³ñ»ÝóÁ« áñÇÝ« Ù³ÙáõÉÇ íϳÛáõÃÛ³Ùµ« §¹³ÑÉÇ×Á ¹ÇÙ³íáñ»ó µáõéÝ áõ »ñϳñ³ï»õ ͳ÷³Ñ³ñáõÃÛ³Ùµ¦: 1935« 9 ÑáõÝí³ñ - àñå»ë å³ï·³Ù³íáñ Ù³ëݳÏó»É ¿ ËáñÑáõñ¹Ý»ñÇ 8-ñ¹ ѳٳ·áõÙ³ñÇÝ »õ ÁÝïñí»É ¿ ÐÊêÐ Ï»Ýï·áñÍÏáÙÇ ³Ý¹³Ù: 1935« 25 ÷»ïñí³ñ« 22 Ù³ñï« 23 Ù³ñï« 23 ³åñÇÉ - ÐÊêРܶÄÎ í³ñãáõÃÛáõÝáõ٠ѳñó³ùÝÝí»É ¿ áñå»ë ³Ñ³µ»ÏÇã: 1935« 8 Ù³ñï - ¸ÇÙáõÙ ¿ ·ñáÕÝ»ñÇ ÙÇáõÃÛ³Ý í³ñãáõÃÛ³ÝÁ »õ ѳÛï³ñ³ñáõÙ« áñ ³Û¹ ûñí³ÝÇó §¹áõñë ¿ ·³ÉÇë ·ñáÕÝ»ñÇ Ïáñåáñ³ódzÛÇó¦: â³ñ»ÝóÇÝ Ð¶Ø ß³ñù»ñÇó Ñ»é³óÝ»Éáõ ϳå³ÏóáõÃÛ³Ùµ ï»ÕÇ ¿ áõÝ»ó»É »ñÏáõ ÝÇëï© Ù³ñïÇ 11-ÇÝ Ð¶Ø í³ñãáõÃÛ³Ý Ïáõë³Ïó³Ï³Ý ËÙµ³ÏÇ« Ù³ñïÇ 13-ÇÝ« µ³Ý³ëï»ÕÍÇ ÍÝÝ¹Û³Ý ûñÁ« Ð¶Ø í³ñãáõÃÛ³Ý: ºñÏáõ ÝÇëï»ñÝ ¿É §ËëïÇí ¹³ï³å³ñïáõÙ »Ý â³ñ»ÝóÇ Áëï ¿áõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³Ï³ËáñÑñ¹³ÛÇÝ« ѳϳѳë³ñ³Ï³Ï³Ý í»ñçÇÝ Ñ³Ûï³ñ³ñáõÃÛáõÝÁ »õ ·ïÝáõÙ ³ÝÑñ³Å»ßï Ýñ³Ý Ñ»é³óÝ»É Ð³Û³ëï³ÝÇ ËáñÑñ¹³ÛÇÝ ·ñáÕÝ»ñÇ ÙÇáõÃÛáõÝÇó »õ í³ñãáõÃÛáõÝÇó¦: 1935« 6 ÑáõÝÇë - í»ñ³Ï³Ý·ÝíáõÙ ¿ г۳ëï³ÝÇ ·ñáÕÝ»ñÇ ÙÇáõÃÛ³Ý Ï³½ÙáõÙ: 1935« ÑáõÝÇë - ØáëÏí³Ûáõ٠ѳݹÇåáõÙ ¿ ìÇÉÛ³Ù ê³ñáÛ³ÝÇÝ: ²Û¹ ѳݹÇåÙ³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ Ñ»ï³·³ÛáõÙ ÑÇß³ñÅ³Ý ¿ç»ñ ¿ ·ñ»É Ù»ñ Ù»Í Ñ³Ûñ»Ý³ÏÇóÁ« §ºë ÇÙ ³Ýáõß Ñ³Û³ëï³ÝÇݦ ѳٳñ»É Ù»ñ î»ñáõÝ³Ï³Ý ³ÕáÃùÁª §Ð³Ûñ Ù»ñÁ¦: 1935« 9 ÑáõÉÇë - ØáëÏí³Ûáõ٠ѳݹÇåáõÙ ¿ èáÙ»Ý èáɳÝÇÝ »õ µ³Ý³ÏóáõÙ Ýñ³ §Ä³Ý øñÇëïáý¦ í»åÁ óñ·Ù³Ý»Éáõ Ù³ëÇÝ: ²Û¹ ϳå³ÏóáõÃÛ³Ùµ 1935é ë»åï»Ùµ»ñÇ 30-ÇÝ Ý³Ù³Ï ¿ ѳëó»³·ñ»É èáɳÝÇÝ: ÜáõÛÝ Ãí³Ï³ÝÇ ÑáÏï»Ùµ»ñÇ 20-ÇÝ èáɳÝÁ å³ï³ëË³Ý»É ¿© §àõñ³Ë »Ù« ÇٳݳÉáí« áñ ÇÙ §Ä³Ý øñÇëïáýÁ¦ óñ·Ù³Ýí»Éáõ ¿ ѳۻñ»Ý¦: èáɳÝÇ Ý³Ù³ÏÁ §²é³ç³µ³ÝÇ ÷á˳ñ»Ý¦ í»ñݳ·ñáí ïå³·ñíáõÙ ¿ §Ä³Ý øñÇëïáýǦ 1937-ÇÝ ïå³·ñí³Í 1-ÇÝ Ñ³ïáñáõÙ: â³ñ»ÝóÇ ³ÝáõÝÁ áã ÙÇ ï»Õ ÑÇß³ï³Ïí³Í ã¿: 1935« ÑáõÉÇë - ´Ý³Ï³ñ³Ý ¿ ëï³ÝáõÙ ºñ»õ³Ý« êáõݹáõÏÛ³Ý 6 ѳëó»Ûáí: Ü»ñϳÛáõÙëª Ø³ßïáóÇ 17« áñï»Õ ·ïÝíáõÙ ¿ µ³Ý³ëï»ÕÍÇ ïáõÝ-óݷ³ñ³ÝÁ: 1935« ³ßáõÝ - ¶ñáÕÝ»ñÇ ÙÇáõÃÛ³ÝÁ ÏÇó ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÙ ¿ »ñϳÙÛ³ »ñ»ÏáÛ³Ý ·ñ³Ï³Ý ѳٳÉë³ñ³Ý: ØÇ Ï³ñ× Å³Ù³Ý³Ï â³ñ»ÝóÁ ¹³ë³í³Ý¹áõÙ ¿ µ³Ý³ñí»ëï »õ ï³Õ³ã³÷áõÃÛ³Ý ÑÇÙáõÝùÝ»ñ: 1935« 30 ¹»Ïï»Ùµ»ñ - ÐÊêÐ 15-³ÙÛ³ÏÇ Ï³å³ÏóáõÃÛ³Ùµ ØáëÏí³ÛáõÙ« Îñ»ÙÉáõÙ ÊêÐØ Õ»Ï³í³ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ ÁݹáõÝáõÙ ¿ г۳ëï³ÝÇ ³ß˳ï³íáñáõÃÛ³Ý å³ïíÇñ³ÏáõÃÛ³ÝÁ« áñÇ Ï³½ÙáõÙ ·ñáÕÝ»ñÇó Ý»ñϳ ¿ÇÝ ê© ¼áñÛ³ÝÁ« Ü© ¼³ñÛ³ÝÁ »õ ì© ²Ý³ÝÛ³ÝÁ: êï³ÉÇÝÁ ¼áñÛ³ÝÇ Ñ»ï í³ñáõÙ ¿ ³ÛëåÇëÇ ½ñáõÛó© §êï³ÉÇÝ - ÆÝãå»±ë ¿ ³åñáõÙ ·ñáÕ â³ñ»ÝóÁ: ¼áñÛ³Ý - àãÇÝã: êï³ÉÇÝ - Üñ³Ý ϳñͻ٠ݻճóÝáõÙ »Ý: ¼áñÛ³Ý - ܳ ³ÛÅÙ Çñ»Ý Ññ³ß³ÉÇ ¿ ½·áõÙ¦: êï³ÉÇÝÇ ³Ûë í»ñ³µ»ñÙáõÝùÇó Ñ»ïá г۳ëï³ÝÇ §ÎáÙáõÝÇëï¦ éáõë»ñ»Ý ûñÃÁ 1936é ÑáõÝí³ñÇ 20-ÇÝ ïå³·ñáõÙ ¿ ѳñó³½ñáõÛó â³ñ»ÝóÇ Ñ»ï« §¶ñ³Ï³Ý ûñÃáõÙ¦ 1936é ÑáõÝí³ñÇ 20-ÇÝ ÉáõÛë ¿ ï»ëÝáõÙ ²É³½³ÝÇ §úå»ñ³ÛÇÝ Ã³ïñáÝ áõÝ»±ù©©© ÇÝãå»±ë ¿ ³åñáõÙ ·ñáÕ â³ñ»ÝóÁ¦« ÇëÏ 1936é ÷»ïñí³ñÇ 12-Çݪ ê© Ð³ñáõÃÛáõÝÛ³ÝÇ §â³ñ»ÝóÁ »õ ÏɳëÇÏ åỽdzݦ Ñá¹í³ÍÝ»ñÁ: 1936« 7 ÑáõÝí³ñ - ÐÎ(µ)ΠλÝïÏáÙÇ áñáßٳٵ â³ñ»ÝóÁ Ý߳ݳÏíáõÙ ¿ ²© ê© äáõßÏÇÝÇ Ù³Ñí³Ý 100-³ÙÛ³ÏÁ ÝßáÕ Ñáµ»ÉÛ³Ý³Ï³Ý Ñ³ÝÓݳÅáÕáíÇ Ý³Ë³·³Ñ: ܳ ϽÙáõÙ ¿ Ñáµ»ÉÛ³ÝÁ ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñå»Éáõ »õ ³ÝóϳóÝ»Éáõ ³ñï³Ï³ñ· ѳñáõëï Íõ³·Çñ: ê³Ï³ÛÝ Ê³ÝçÛ³ÝÇ ëå³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÇó Ñ»ïá Ù»Ïáõë³óíáõÙ ¿ ³Û¹ ³ß˳ï³ÝùÇó« ÇëÏ ÐÎ(µ)ΠλÝïÏáÙÇ 1936é ¹»Ïï»Ùµ»ñÇ 27-Ç áñáßٳٵ Ý߳ݳÏíáõÙ ¿ Ýáñ ݳ˳·³Ñ: â³ñ»ÝóÁ ãÇ Áݹ·ñÏíáõÙ ³Ý·³Ù ѳÝÓݳÅáÕáíÇ Ï³½ÙáõÙ: 1936« 2 ÷»ïñí³ñ - ²Ý¹ñ»ñÏñÏáÙÇ µÛáõñáÝ µ³í³ñ³ñáõÙ ¿ ÐÎ(µ)ΠλÝïÏáÙÇ Ëݹñ³ÝùÁª §¶ñáÕ ºÕÇß» â³ñ»ÝóÇÝ Ñ³ïáõÏ µáõÅÙ³Ý Ýå³ï³Ïáí ³ñï³ë³ÑÙ³Ý áõÕ³ñÏ»Éáõ ϳå³ÏóáõÃÛ³Ùµ: гïϳóíáõÙ ¿ ³ÝÑñ³Å»ßï ï³ñ³¹ñ³Ù: ÆëÏ 1936é ÑáõÝÇëÇ 29-ÇÝ ÐÎ(µ)ΠλÝïÏáÙÇ µÛáõñáÝ áñáßáõÙ ¿ ³ñï³ë³ÑÙ³ÝáõÙ ·ïÝí»Éáõ ÁÝóóùáõÙ â³ñ»ÝóÇ ÁÝï³ÝÇùÇÝ Ñ³ïϳóÝ»É 800 éáõµÉÇ: ʳÝçÛ³ÝÇ ëå³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÇó Ñ»ïá â³ñ»ÝóÇ ³ñï³ë³ÑÙ³Ý Ù»ÏÝ»Éáõ ·áñÍÁ Ó³ËáÕíáõÙ ¿: 1936é û·áëïáëÇ 22-ÇÝ ÐÎ(µ)ΠλÝïÏáÙÇ µÛáõñáÝ áñáßáõÙ ¿© §ÜϳïÇ áõݻݳÉáí« áñ â³ñ»ÝóÇ ³ñï³ë³ÑÙ³Ý Ù»ÏÝ»ÉÁ ÙáïÇÏ Å³Ù³Ý³ÏÝ»ñáõÙ ãÇ Çñ³Ï³Ý³Ý³ª ã»ÕÛ³É Ñ³Ù³ñ»É λÝïÏáÙÇ µÛáõñáÛÇ 1936é ÑáõÝÇëÇ 29-Ç áñáßáõÙÁª â³ñ»ÝóÇ ÁÝï³ÝÇùÇÝ 800 éáõµÉáõ ã³÷áí Ýå³ëï ï³Éáõ Ù³ëÇݦ: 1936« 28 Ù³ÛÇë - гÛñ»ÝÇ ÑáÕÇÝ ¿ ѳÝÓÝíáõÙ ÎáÙÇï³ëÇ ³×ÛáõÝÁ (ٳѩ 1935é ÑáÏï© 22-ÇÝ ö³ñǽáõÙ): Üñ³ Ù³Ñí³Ý áõ ÑáõÕ³ñϳíáñáõÃÛ³Ý ïå³íáñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñáí »õ ÑÇß³ï³ÏÇ á·»Ïáãٳٵ ·ñáõÙ ¿ §ÎáÙÇï³ë¦« §ÎáÙÇï³ëÇ ÑÇß³ï³ÏÇݦ åá»ÙÝ»ñÁ »õ ÙÇ ù³ÝÇ µ³Ý³ëï»ÕÍáõÃÛáõÝ: 1936« 9 ÑáõÉÇë - ÂÇýÉÇëáõÙ ëå³ÝíáõÙ ¿ ÐÎ(µ)ΠλÝïÏáÙÇ ³é³çÇÝ ù³ñïáõÕ³ñ ²Õ³ëÇ Ê³ÝçÛ³ÝÁ: â³ñ»ÝóÇ §¸áýÇÝÁ ݳÇñ³Ï³Ý¦ ëáÝ»ïÝ»ñÇ ß³ñùÁ Ïáõë³Ïó³Ï³Ý »õ ³½·³ÛÇÝ ³Û¹ ͳÝñ ³Õ»ïÇ ëáõñ »õ Ñáõë³Ñ³ï ·Çï³ÏóáõÙÝ ¿: 1936« ÑáõÉÇë - û·áëïáë - Ò»ñµ³Ï³ÉíáõÙ »Ý µ³½Ù³ÃÇí Ñ³Û ·ñáÕÝ»ñ áõ Ùï³íáñ³Ï³ÝÝ»ñ« áñáÝó óáõóÙáõÝùÝ»ñáõÙ Ï³Ý íϳÛáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ ݳ»õ â³ñ»ÝóÇ Ù³ëÇÝ: 1936« û·áëïáë - 1937 ÷»ïñí³ñ - ¶ñáõÙ ¿ §àñå»ë ·áñß« ¹»ÕÇÝ ï»ñ»õÝ»ñ¦ åá»ÙÁ »õ áõñí³·ÍáõÙ í»ñ³Ñ³ë áÕµ»ñ·áõÃÛáõÝÁ: 1936« 24 ë»åï»Ùµ»ñ - ºÝóñÏíáõÙ ¿ ïݳÛÇÝ Ï³É³ÝùÇ: ÐÊêРܶÄÎ í³ñãáõÃÛáõÝÁ Ýñ³ÝÇó ëïáñ³·ñáõÃÛáõÝ ¿ í»ñóÝáõÙª Áõï áñÇ §·ïÝí»Éáí Ñ»ï³ùÝÝáõÃÛ³Ý »ÝóϳÛáõÃÛ³Ý ï³Ï« å³ñï³íáñíáõÙ ¿ ÙÇÝã»õ ¹³ïÁ ãµ³ó³Ï³Û»É ù³Õ³ùÇó¦: 1936« 16 ÝáÛ»Ùµ»ñ - ÐÊêРܶÄÎ ÏáÕÙÇó »ÝóñÏíáõÙ ¿ ѳñó³ùÝÝáõÃÛ³Ý: ػճ¹ñíáõÙ ¿ áñå»ë ѳϳѻճ÷á˳ϳݫ ݳóÇáݳÉÇëï« ïñáóÏÇëï« ³Ñ³µ»ÏÇã: 1936 - ºñ»õ³ÝáõÙ ÉáõÛë »Ý ï»ëÝáõÙ §äá»ÙÝ»ñ¦ »õ §Ø³×Ï³É ê³ùáÛÇ å³ïÙáõÃÛáõÝÁ¦ ·ñù»ñÁ: 1936-1937 - ¶É³íÉÇïÇ ï³ñµ»ñ §¶³ÕïÝǦ ·ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñáí â³ñ»ÝóÇ ·ñù»ñÁ ѳÝíáõÙ »Ý ·ñ³¹³ñ³ÝÝ»ñÇó« ·ñ³Ë³ÝáõÃÝ»ñáõÙ ¹³¹³ñ»óíáõÙ ¿ ¹ñ³Ýó í³×³éùÁ« óñíáõÙ »Ý ïå³·ñáõÃÛ³Ý å³ïñ³ëï ·ñù»ñÇ ß³ñí³ÍùÝ»ñÁ: 1937« 17-21 ³åñÇÉ - î»ÕÇ ¿ áõÝ»Ýáõ٠г۳ëï³ÝÇ ·ñáÕÝ»ñÇ ÁݹѳÝáõñ ÅáÕáíÁ: â³ñ»ÝóÇ Å³é³Ý·áõÃÛáõÝÝ áõëáõÙݳëÇñáÕ ì© ÎÇñåáïÇÝÁ ѳÛï³ñ³ñáõÙ ¿© §â³ñ»ÝóÇ Ó»éùÇó µéÝ»ó ÃßݳÙÇݦ: 1937« 30 Ù³ÛÇë - ´³ó ݳٳÏáí ¹ÇÙáõÙ ¿ ÐÎ(µ)ΠλÝïÏáÙÇ ³é³çÇÝ ù³ñïáõÕ³ñ ²Ù³ïáõÝáõݪ ³å³óáõó»Éáõ« áñ ÇÝùÝ ³ÝÙ»Õ ¿: 1937« 24 ÑáõÉÇë - Ø»ÏÝáõÙ ¿ ̳ÕϳÓáñª ·ñáÕÝ»ñÇ ï³Ý ϳó³ñ³ÝÇó íï³ñí³Í ÁÝï³ÝÇùÇÝ ºñ»õ³Ý ÷á˳¹ñ»Éáõ ѳٳñ: ¼³Ûñ³ÉÇó Ëáëù»ñ ¿ Ý»ïáõÙ Çñ ÁÝï³ÝÇùÁ ³Û¹ íÇ׳ÏÇ Ñ³ëóÝáÕÝ»ñÇ Ñ³ëó»ÇÝ: Üñ³ ³ñ³ñùÁ ·Ý³Ñ³ïíáõÙ ¿ áñå»ë ËáõÉÇ·³ÝáõÃÛáõÝ »õ íÇñ³íáñ³Ýùª ѳëóí³Í ÐÎ(µ)Î áõ ÊêÐØ Õ»Ï³í³ñáõÃÛ³ÝÁ: 1937« 26 ÑáõÉÇë - ÐÊêÐ Ü¶Ä ÏáÙÇë³ñ ØáõÕ¹áõëáõ ëïáñ³·ñáõÃÛ³Ùµ Éñ³óíáõÙ ¿ ûñ¹»ñª â³ñ»ÝóÇÝ Ó»ñµ³Ï³É»Éáõ »õ µÝ³Ï³ñ³ÝÁ Ëáõ½³ñÏ»Éáõ ѳٳñ: ÜáõÛÝ ûñÁ ÐÊêРܶÄÎ 4-ñ¹ µ³ÅÝÇ ÏáÕÙÇó Ó»ñµ³Ï³ÉíáõÙ ¿: Üñ³Ý Ù»Õ³¹ñ³Ýù ¿ Ý»ñϳ۳óíáõÙ Áëï ÐÊêÐ ùñ»³Ï³Ý ûñ»Ýë·ñùÇ 67« 68« 78 Ñá¹í³ÍÝ»ñÇ« ÝßíáõÙ« áñ â³ñ»ÝóÁ ß³ñáõݳÏáõÙ ¿ §³ÏïÇí å³Ûù³ñ ÙÕ»É Áݹ¹»Ù ËáñÑñ¹³ÛÇÝ Çß˳ÝáõÃ۳ݦ »õ ϳɳݳíáñáõ٠ܶÄÎ-Ç Ý»ñùÇÝ µ³ÝïáõÙ: â³ñ»ÝóÇ ¹»Ù ѳñáõóíáõÙ ¿ ݳ»õ Éñ³óáõóÇã Ù»Õ³¹ñ³Ýùª ݳ˳ï»ëí³Í 17-65 Ñá¹í³ÍÝ»ñáí: 1937« 25 ë»åï»Ùµ»ñ - ƽ³µ»É³ â³ñ»ÝóÁ ¹ÇÙáõÙ ¿ ÊêÐØ ÅáÕÏáÙËáñÑÇ Ý³Ë³·³ÑÇ ï»Õ³Ï³É ²© ØÇÏáÛ³ÝÇÝ »õ ËݹñáõÙ« ѳßíÇ ³éÝ»Éáí ³ÙáõëÝáõ ³éáÕç³Ï³Ý ͳÝñ íÇ׳ÏÝ áõ ³ÝÙ»ÕëáõݳÏáõÃÛáõÝÁ« ÙÇçáóÝ»ñ Ó»éݳñϻɪ ³½³ï»Éáõ µ³ÝïÇó: â³ñ»ÝóÇÝ áã ÙdzÛÝ ã»Ý ³½³ïáõÙ« ³ÛÉ»õ ³Ûë ݳٳÏÝ ³éÇà ¿ ¹³éÝáõÙ 1937é ÝáÛ»Ùµ»ñÇ 23-ÇÝ Ó»ñµ³Ï³É»Éáõ ƽ³µ»É³ÛÇÝ« Ù»Õ³¹ñ³Ýù Ý»ñϳ۳óÝ»Éáõ Áëï 69-ñ¹ Ñá¹í³ÍÇ« áñ Ý߳ݳÏáõÙ ¿« û Çß˳ÝáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇó óùóñ»É ¿ ³ÙáõëÝáõ ѳÝó³·áñÍáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ« »õ 1938é ÑáõÉÇëÇ 15-ÇÝ« áñå»ë ëáódzɳå»ë íï³Ý·³íáñ ï³ññª 5 ï³ñáí ³ùëáñ»Éáõ Ô³½³Ëëï³Ý: 1937« 27 ë»åï»Ùµ»ñ - 6 ÑáÏï»Ùµ»ñ - ´³ÝïáõÙ ·Çß»ñÁ Ý³Ù³Ï ¿ ·ñáõÙ ²© Æë³Ñ³ÏÛ³ÝÇÝ »õ Ýñ³Ý ÓáÝáõÙ ÙÇ µ³Ý³ëï»ÕÍáõÃÛáõÝ: ܳٳÏÇó© §êÇñ»ÉÇ ²í»ïÇù« Ý»ñù»õáõÙ »ñ·áõÙ ¿ÇÝ ùá »ñ·Á«- ëÇñïë Éóí»ó- »õ »ë ·ñ»óÇ Ñ»ï»õÛ³É ëïÇËÁ© ÁݹáõÝÇñ ǵñ»õ ÓáÝ »õ áÕçáõÛÝ: ... à·áí å³ÛÍ³é »Ù »õ ³éáõÛ·« ÁÝï³ÝÇùÇ Ñá·ëÝ ¿ ÙdzÛÝ ÇÝÓ Ñá·»å»ë ÁÝÏ×áõÙ »õ ÑáßáïáõÙ: ²Û¹ ¿É ÃáÕÝáõÙ »Ù ³ÉɳÑÇÝ »õ Ñ³Û ÅáÕáíñ¹Çݦ: 1937« 6 ÑáÏï»Ùµ»ñ - ´³ÝïÇó Ý³Ù³Ï ¿ ÑÕáõÙ ÏÝáçÁ© §²Ùáõñ »ÕÇñ« ѳñ³½³ïë«- »Ã» ÝáõÛÝÇëÏ ÷áÕáó ·ó»Ý: â¿ áñ ÙdzÛÝ Ù»Ýù ã»Ýù ï³é³åáõÙ« ³ÛÉ ß³ï ß³ï»ñÁ« ÝáõÛÝåÇëÇ Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ« ÇÙãå»ë Ù»Ýù »Ýù¦: 1937« 27 ÝáÛ»Ùµ»ñ - ²é³íáïÛ³Ý Å³ÙÁ 7-ÇÝ í³Ë׳ÝíáõÙ ¿ ºñ»õ³ÝÇ µ³ÝïÇ ÑÇí³Ý¹³ÝáóáõÙ: ¸ñ³Ý ݳËáñ¹»É ¿ñ ͳÝñ ÑÇí³Ý¹áõÃÛáõÝÝ áõ ûñ»ñ ß³ñáõÝ³Ï ï»õ³Í ³Ý·Çï³ÏÇó íÇ׳ÏÁ: гçáñ¹ ûñÁ ϳï³ñáõÙ »Ý ¹Ç³Ñ»ñÓáõÙ« Áëï áñǪ µ³½Ù³ÃÇí ÑÇí³Ý¹áõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ ѳëóñ»É ¿ÇÝ §ûñ·³ÝǽÙÇ ÁݹѳÝáõñ ÑÛáõÍٳݦ« ÇÝãÝ ¿É« Áëï å³ßïáÝ³Ï³Ý Ï³ñÍÇùÇ« í»ñ³Ñ³ë Ù³Ñí³Ý å³ï×³é ¿ ѳݹÇë³ó»É: ¸³íÇà ¶³ëå³ñÛ³Ý

ÀÜκð ÐÇßáõÙ »Ù Ù³½»ñ¹ ·³Ý·áõñ, ¸»Ùù¹ª ÷áÕáóÇ å»ë ÷áßáï, ÌÇͳչª ½í³ñà ¼³Ý·áõ, ºí ³ãù»ñ¹ª í³é áõ Ëáßáñ: ÐÇßáõÙ »Ù, ÑÇßáõÙ »Ù, γñá, ÐÇßáõÙ »Ù, û ÇÝãå»ë ù»½ Ñ»ï - ÐÇßáõÙ »ëª ³ÕµÇ ï³Ï³éáõ٠гí³ùáõÙ ¿ÇÝù ÃáõÕà áõ ·³½»Ã: гí³ùáõÙ ¿ÇÝù Ù»Ýù ÉáõóÏáõ Üáñ ïáõ÷»ñ, ÏÉ»åÝ»ñ ë»ËÇ - àõ ˳ÕáõÙ ¿ñ Ù»ñ ϳåáõÛï Ñá·áõÙ ²ñ»õÇ ÉáõÛëÁ ¹»ÕÇÝ: ÐÇßáõÙ »Ù, û ÇÝãå»ë ѳ׳Ë, γéù»ñÇ »ï»õÇÝ Ïå³Í, سÝÏ³Ï³Ý ËݹáõÃÛ³Ùµ ÙÇ ã³ñ Ø»Ýù ÃéãáõÙ ¿ÇÝù ÐÇݹ áõ гµ³ß... ºí ³Ñ³ ÙÇ ûñ ³Û¹å»ë, ºñµ ÃéãáõÙ ¿ÇÝù Ù»Ýù ëñÁÝóó - γé³å³ÝÁ Ùïñ³Ïáí ß³ã»ó, ºí ¹áõ åáÏí»óÇñ áõ ÁÝϳñ... àõ ÑÇßáõÙ »Ù... ¹»Ùù¹ ÑáÕ³·áõÛÝ, àõÕ»Õ¹ª ·áñß, ÙËñ׳Í... лïá ѳÛñë Ùáõà ë»ÝÛ³ÏáõÙ ØÇÝã»õ ÉáõÛë ÇÝÓ Ë÷»ó áõ ÷Ýã³ó: ØÇÝã»õ ÉáõÛë Ãù»ó ¹»ÙùÇë, ØÇÝã»õ ÉáõÛë ѳÛÑáÛ»ó ϳï³ÕÇ,- àõ ݳÛáõÙ ¿Çñ ¹³éÁ ¹áõ ÇÝÓ øá Ñ»éáõ, Ùáõà ¹³·³ÕÇó... ´³Ûó ÑÇÙ³ ÇÝãù³¯Ý ¿ ÷áËí»É ²ÛÝ ûñÇó ³ß˳ñÑÁ -·Çï»±ë... ÆÝãå»ë ÙÇ Ù³ñ¹ ³Ýïñ»Ë ì»ñóÝÇ ¹³éݳ ϳéùÇ ï»ñ... ²ñ¹Ûáù ¹áõ ÇÙ³ó»±É »ë, γñá, àñ ÁÝÏ»ñ¹ ÑÇÙ³ ³ÛÝ µáµÇÏ ºí áõñÇß ÁÝÏ»ñÝ»ñ µÛáõñ³íáñ ä³É³ïÝ»ñÁ ϳå»É »Ý Ãá÷Ç... ²Ë, ëÇñïë, γñá°, ÙÇ µ³½», ÂåñïáõÙ ¿ª í³Ññáí É»óáõÝ: ºÃ» ³Ûë »ñ·ë Éë»ë - ø³óÇáí ïá°õñ ³ëïÍáõÝ:- ÂáÕ ÃéãÇ ³Ùå»ñÇó ݳ í³ñ, лïáõÛùáí ½³ñÝíÇ ÃáÕ ÑáÕÇÝ... ºë ÑÇÙ³ »Ï»É »Ù ØáëÏí³, ºë ÑÇÙ³ åá»ï »Ù ѳÕÃáÕÇ...

U.S. Secretary of State Colin Powell intends to meet with a representative of Armenian Apostolic Church in Jerusalem. http://i.cnn.net/cnn/2002/WORLD/meast/04/14/church.nativity/story.speaker.ap.jpg The siege of the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem is still going on. According to Israeli sources, 30 out of 200 Palestinians trapped in the Church are terrorists and members of Hamas and Islamic Jihad radical organizations. The clergymen, who are also trapped in the Church, have no contact with the Palestinians inside the church. The clergymen have suggested opening a corridor for Palestinians. The Israelis have rejected suggestion and insisted on the need for immediately arresting all the armed Palestinians Arabs inside the church. There are reports that the U.S. Secretary of State Colin Powell, who is already in the region, intends to meet with a representative of Armenian Apostolic Church in Jerusalem. http://i.cnn.net/cnn/2002/WORLD/meast/04/14/church.nativity/story.troops.ap.jpg [ April 16, 2002, 12:47 AM: Message edited by: MosJan ]

Next year will mark the 1000th anniversary of Grigor Narekatsi’s famous poem and Aram Khachatrian’s 100th birthday. Next year will mark the 1000th anniversary of Grigor Narekatsi’s famous poem and Aram Khachatrian’s 100th birthday. Special committees have been set up to prepare for these two very important anniversaries. There are plans to publish Narekatsi’s poem in the modern Armenian translation, organize a pilgrimage to Akhtamar, the Nareka monastery. Aram Khachatrian’s 100th birthday will be marked by a conference on Aram Khachatrian and the world musical culture, a republican competition for the best performance of the composer’s works and a concert by Armenian and Russian musicians in Moscow.

A new church is being built in the center of Yerevan’s South-West District. A new church is being built in the center of Yerevan’s South-West District. Construction of the church is financed by well-known philanthropist Louise Simone-Manukian. The church will be a long-awaited gift for believers in this densely populated area of the city. 2.5 hectares of land have been allocated for the site. The construction is expected to be completed in December 2003. The Church will have a 650 square meter hall, two halls for candle lighting and a bell tower. The church will look like Zvartnots and be 37 meters high, including the cross. Prior to going to Argavand, President Kocharian and His Holiness Garegin II visited the construction site and examined the works that are currently going on there.

WOUNDED DEACON’S MOM: MY SON IS IN RELIABLE HANDS ‘There is no more consolation for us than the confidence that Bethlehem’s church of Nativity, Jerusalem’s ‘Hadasa’ hospital’s crew, All Armenian Catholicos Karekin II, all Armenian Apostolic Church and the whole Armenian nation are concerned with the health of my son. We are very grateful and wish peace to all’,- said the mother of 22 year-old Armenian deacon Armen Sinanian, who was wounded by a gunfire near Bethlehem’s church of Nativity. Mrs. Sosvard, talking to daily Azg, said: ‘My husband and me visited St. Etchmiadzin April 12 by the personal invitation of Karekin II. I was really touched by the warm and friendly reception of His Holiness, especially by his moral support. Only during our presence in His Holiness’ headquarters Karekin II wired and inquired about the health condition of my son twice. We also receive 3-4 calls from Jerusalem daily, and on April 14 I had a chance to talk to my son. We are sure that the health of our son is in reliable hands’,- said Sinanian’s mother. Serob and Sosvard Sinanians also said that All Armenian Catholicos Karekin II expressed a hope that in case the tension in Israeli-Palestine conflict zone eases the parents will have a chance to meet their son. By Lena Hovsepian, Goris © Copyright AZG

ARMENIAN WRITER REMEMBERED April 15 an event commemorating the late Armenian writer, literary critic and public speaker Vardges Petrosian was held in Ashtarak town of Armenia. The event was organized by the initiative of ‘Armenian esquisses’ fund. The chairman of the fund, editor-in-chief of daily Azg Hagop Avedikian spoke about the rich literary heritage that the notable Armenian writer left to homeland, and his great contribution to the Armenian literary values. Many writers, literary critics and men of art were present at the event. © Copyright AZG

CONFERENCE DEDICATED TO ARMENIAN HISTORY IN LA A conference dedicated to historical Armenia’s towns and provinces will be held on May 4-5 at the Dixon Hall of the University of California, Los Angeles. The conference is the 10-th one in the series of the international conferences organized by the chair of Modern History of Armenian Nation of the university. The conference is dedicated to the life of the Armenian community of the Black Sea and Pont region. Scientists from Argentina, Armenia, France, Georgia, Great Britain, Russia, Ukraine and USA will participate in the conference. The sessions of May 4 will be dedicated to Armenia’s relations with that region from ancient times up to these days, and at May 5 sessions the scientists will concentrate mainly on 19-th and 20-th centuries. © Copyright AZG